바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

  • P-ISSN1738-3110
  • E-ISSN2093-7717
  • SCOPUS, ESCI

Effect of Authentic Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors through Mediating Roles of Followers’ Self-awareness and Psychological Ownership

The Journal of Distribution Science / The Journal of Distribution Science, (P)1738-3110; (E)2093-7717
2016, v.14 no.3, pp.11-22
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.14.3.201603.11
Oh, Hyo-Sung
Tak, Jin-Kook

Abstract

Purpose - This study empirically validates the theoretical argument of the effect of authentic leadership on organizational citizenship behavior, and the mediating roles of followers' self-awareness and psychological ownership between authentic leadership and followers' organizational citizenship behavior. Research design, data, and methodology - A total of 380 office workers in Korea were surveyed through on-line, and the result was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equational modeling. Results - The authentic leadership was shown to be related positively to followers' self-awareness and psychological ownership, both of which were associated positively with their organizational citizenship behavior. The complete mediating effects of followers' self-awareness and psychological ownership were verified between authentic leadership and follower's organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusions - While followers' self-awareness was rarely studied in the authentic leadership study to date, it was found to play a role in the authentic leadership process into organizational outcome. It is argued that the followers' self-awareness as a mediating role between authentic leadership and organizational outcome seems to be more appropriate than the leader' s identification of previous thesis in explaining the authentic leadership effect.

keywords
Authentic Leadership, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Self-Awareness, Psychological Ownership, Turn-Over of Distribution Industry

Reference

1.

Ashley, G. C., & Reiter-Palmon, R. (2012). Self-Awareness and the evolution of leaders: The need for a better measure of self-awareness. Journal of behavioral and applied management, 14(1), 2-17.

2.

Atwater, L. E., Ostroff, C., Yammarino, F. J., & Fleenor, J. W. (1998). Self-other agreement: Does it really matter?. Personnel Psychology, 51, 577-598.

3.

Avey, J. B., Luthans, F., & Jensen, S. M. (2009). Psychological capital: A positive resource for combating employee stress and turnover. Human Resource Management, 48(5), 677–693.

4.

Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Walumbwa, F. O., Luthans, F., & May, D. R. (2004). Unlocking the mask: a look at the process by which authentic leaders impact follower attitudes and behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 15, 801–823.

5.

Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development:getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 315–338.

6.

Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2007). Authentic leadership questionnaire. Menlo Park, CA:Mindgarden.

7.

Bass, B. M., & Yammarino, F. J. (1991). Congruence of self and others' leadership ratings of naval officers for understanding successful performance. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 40, 437-454.

8.

Beggan, J. K. (1992). On the social nature of nonsocial perceptions:The mere ownership effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 229–237.

9.

Belk, R. W. (1988). Possessions and the extended self. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(2), 139-168.

10.

Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expending the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. In N. Schmitt, W. C. Borman, &Associates(eds.). Personnel Selection in Organizations (pp.71-98). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

11.

Brown, T. L. (1989, June). What will it take to win?. Industry Week, 19, 15.

12.

Cable News Network (2015). Volkswagen scandal in two minutes. New York, USA: A Time Warner Company. Retrieved November25, 2015, from http://money.cnn.com/2015/09/28/news/companies/volkswagen-scandal-two-minutes

13.

Cameron, K. S., Dutton, J. E., & Quinn, R. E. (2003). Positive organizational scholarship. San Francisco: Barrett-Koehler.

14.

CEO Score (2013). Working years of employees of 500companies. Seoul, Korea: The CEO Score Daily. Retrieved August 12, 2013, from http://www.ceoscoredaily. com/news/article.html?no=1961

15.

Choi, Woo-Jae, & Cho, Yoon-Hyung (2013). The Effects of Authentic Leadership on Psychological Well-being and Adaptive Performance: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy. Korean Journal of Management, 21(1), 185-228.

16.

Clapp-Smith, R., Vogelgesang, G. R., & Avey, J. B. (2009). Authentic leadership and positive psychological capital:The mediating role of trust at the group level of analysis. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 15, 227–240.

17.

Cooper, C., & Nelson, D.(ed.). (2006). Positive organizational behavior. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

18.

Crossan, M., Vera, D., & Nanjad, L. (2008). Transcendent leadership:Strategic leadership in dynamic environments. Leadership Quarterly, 19, 569–581.

19.

Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Rochberg-Halton, Eugene (1981). The meaning of things: Domestic symbols and the self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

20.

Dealy, M. D., & Thomas, A. R. (2006). Change or Die: How to transform your organization from the inside out. Westpoint, CT: Green Wood Publishing Group.

21.

Duval, S., & Wicklund, R. A. (1972). A theory of objective self awareness. Oxford, England: Academic Press.

22.

Erickson, R. J. (1995). The importance of authenticity for self and society. Symbolic Interaction, 18, 121–144.

23.

Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 14, 693–727.

24.

Gardner, W. L., Avolio, B. J., Luthans, F., May, D. R., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2005). "Can you see the real me?" A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 343–372.

25.

Gardner, W. L., Cogliser, C. C., Davis, K. M., & Dickens, M. P. (2011). Authentic Leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda. Leadership Quarterly, 22, 1120-1145.

26.

George, B. (2003). Authentic leadership: Rediscovering the secrets to creating lasting value. San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.

27.

George, W., Sims, P., McLean, A. N., & Mayer, D. (2007). Discovering your authentic leadership. Harvard Business Review, 85(2), 129–138.

28.

Giallonardo, L. M., Wong, C. A., & Iwasiw, C. (2010). Authentic leadership of preceptors: Predictors of new graduate nurses’ work engagement and job satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Management, 18, 993–1003.

29.

Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam.

30.

Greenleaf, R. K. (1977). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and greatness. Mahwah, NJ:Paulist.

31.

Griffeth, R. W., & Hom, P. W. (2001). Retaining valued employees. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

32.

Hair, J., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L, & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis.(4th ed.). New Jersey:Prentice-Hall Inc.

33.

Harter, S. (2002). Authenticity. In C. S. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (ed.). Handbook of positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

34.

Ilies, R., Morgeson, F. P., & Nahrgang, J. D. (2005). Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: understanding leader–follower outcomes. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 373–394.

35.

International Monetary Fund (2014). IMF elibrary data, GDP National account by country. IMF. Retrieved January 3, 2016, from http://data.imf.org/?sk=b5cda530-07b8-46c6-b829-1827df8b49c7&ss=1390030109571

36.

Jensen, S. M., & Luthans, F. (2006). Entrepreneurs as authentic leaders: Impact on employees' attitudes. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 27, 646–666.

37.

Jun, Ki-Ho, Park, Seong-Hoon, Park, Hun-Jun, & Kim, Ji-Yeon(2010). Effect of authentic leadership on organizational behavior with mediating effect of identification. Korean Journal of Management, 1, 1-33.

38.

Kernis, M. H. (2003). Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 14, 1–26.

39.

Kernis, M. H., & Goldman, B. M. (2006). A multicomponent conceptualization of authenticity: Theory and research. In M. P. Zanna (ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology, 38, 283–357.

40.

Kim, Dong-Chul, & Kim, Dae-Geon(2012). A study on the relationship of key factors to positive organizational behaviors. Korean Public Administration Review, 46(4), 27-51.

41.

Kim, Gae-Soo (2010). Structural equation modeling analysis. Seoul, Korea: Hannarae Pulishing Co.

42.

Kim, Taek (2014). Business Ethics, countermeasures, and transnational trends: A focus on distribution corporations. Journal of Distribution Science, 12(10), 47-56.

43.

Kubzansky, P. E., & Druskat, V. U. (1993). Psychological sense of ownership in the workplace: Conceptualization and measurement. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

44.

Leary, M. R., & Buttermore, N. R. (2003). The evolution of the human self: Tracing the natural history of self-awareness. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 33, 365–404.

45.

Luthans, F., & Avolio, B. J. (2003). Authentic leadership development. In Cameron, K. S., Dutton, J. E., & Quinn, R. E. (ed.).Positive organizational scholarship: Foundation of a new discipline. San Francisco; Barrett-Koelher.

46.

Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York:Harper.

47.

Moon, Hyung-Koo, & Kim, Kyung-Seok(2006). A critical review on OCB studies in Korea. Korean Management Review, 35(2), 609-643.

48.

Nadiri, H., & Tanova, C. (2010). An investigation of the role of justice in turnover intentions, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29, 33-41.

49.

Nelson, Debra L., & Cooper, Cary L. (2007). Positive Organizational Behaviors. London: Sage Publication.

50.

Novicevic, M., Harvey, M., Buckley, M., Brown, J., & Evans, R. (2006). Authentic leadership: A historical perspective. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 13, 64-76.

51.

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

52.

Nuttin, J. M. Jr. (1987). Affective consequences of mere ownership:The name letter effect in twelve European languages. European Journal of Social Psychology, 7, 381–402.

53.

Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

54.

Organ, D. W. (1997), Organizational citizenship behavior: It’s construct clean-up time. Human Performance, 10(2), 85-97.

55.

Peus, C., Wesche, J. S., Streicher, B., Braun, S., & Frey, D. (2012). Authentic Leadership: An Empirical Test of Its Antecedents, Consequences, and Mediating Mechanisms. Journal of Business Ethics, 107, 331-348.

56.

Pierce, J. L., Rubenfeld, S. A., & Morgan, S. (1991). Employee ownership: A conceptual model of process and effects. Academy of Management Review, 16, 121-144.

57.

Podsakoff, P. M., KacKenzie, S. C., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research:A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.

58.

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Hui, C. (1993). Organizational citizenship behaviors and managerial evaluations of employee performance: A review and suggestions for future research. In G. R. Ferris & K. M. Rowland (ed.). Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 11, 1–40. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

59.

Rogers, L., & Freundlich, F. (1998). Nothing measured, nothing gained. Employee Ownership Report, XVIII, No. 1. Oakland, CA: National Center for Employee Ownership.

60.

Rudmin, F. W., & Berry, J. W. (1987). Semantics of ownership:A free-recall study of property. The Psychological Record, 37, 257-268.

61.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). On happiness and human potential:A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141–166.

62.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2003). On assimilating identities to the self: A self-determination theory perspective on internalization and integrity within cultures. In M. R. Leary, & J. P. Tangney (ed.). Handbook of self and identity (pp. 253–272). New York: Guilford.

63.

Sandel, Michael J. (2005). Markets, Morals, and Civic Life. Bulletin of the American Academy. 58(4), 6-10.

64.

Shamir, B., & Eilam, G. (2005). "What's your story?": A life-stories approach to authentic leadership development. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 395–417.

65.

Showry, Mendemu, &. Manasa, K. V. L. (2014). Self-Awareness-Key to Effective Leadership. IUP Journal of Soft Skill, (1), 15-26.

66.

Silvia, P. J., & Duval, T. S. (2001). Objective Self-awareness Theory: Recent progress and enduring problems. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5, 230–241.

67.

Taylor, S. N. (2010). Redefining leader self-awareness by integrating the second component of self-awareness. Journal of Leadership Studies, 3(4), 57–68.

68.

Toor, S., & Ofori, G. (2009). Authenticity and its influence on psychological well-being and contingent self-esteem of leaders in Singapore construction sector. Construction Management and Economics, 27, 299–313.

69.

Transparency International (2014). Corruption Perception Index 2014. Berlin, Germany: Retrieved January 2, 2016, from http://www.transparency.org/cpi2014/results

70.

Vande Walle, D., Van Dyne, L., & Kostova, T. (1995). Psychological ownership: An empirical examination of its consequences. Group and Organization Management, 20, 210-226.

71.

Van Dyne, L., Graham, J. W., & Dienesch, R. M. (1994). Organizational citizenship behavior: Construct redefinition, measurement and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 765–802.

72.

Van Dyne, L., & Pierce, J. L. (2004). Psychological ownership and feelings of possession: Three field studies predicting employee attitudes and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 439–459.

73.

Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership:Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34, 89–126.

74.

Walumbwa, Hartnell, C. A., & Oke, A. (2010). Servant leadership, procedural justice climate, service climate, employee attitudes, and organizational citizenship behavior: A cross-level investigation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(3), 517-529.

75.

Wexley, K. N., Alexander, R. A., Greenawalt, J. P., & Couch, M. A. (1980). Attitudinal congruence and similarity as related to interpersonal evaluations in manager-subordinate dyads. Academy of Management Journal, 23(2), 320-330.

76.

Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. J. Manage, 17(3), 601-617.

77.

Wilpert, B. (1991). Property, ownership, and participation: On the growing contradictions between legal and psychological concepts. In Russell, R. & Rus, V.(ed.). International handbook of participation in organizations, New York:Oxford University Press.

78.

Wong, C. A., & Cummings, G. G. (2009). The influence of authentic leadership behaviors on trust and work outcomes of health care staff. Journal of Leadership Studies, 3(2), 6–23.

79.

Yang, Hoe-Chang, & Kwon, Jae-Hyun (2015). Effects of authentic leadership and leader-member exchange on employee psychological ownership and organizational commitment. Journal of Distribution Science, 13(11), 23-30.

80.

Yoon, Jeong-Koo, Kim, Ga-Jin, Hong, Ji-Hae, & Lee, Ji-Aie (2011). The Prospective Research on Authentic Leadership. Leadership Review, 2(2), 3-26.

The Journal of Distribution Science