Acharya, A. S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P., & Nigam, A. (2013). Sampling: Why and how of it. Indian Journal of Medical Specialties, 4(2), 330-333. http://dx.doi.org/10.7713/ijms. 2013 .0032.

Baumgartner, H., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. (1996). Exploratory consumer buying behavior: Conceptualization and measurement. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 121-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8116(95)00037-2.

Brace‐Govan, J. (2013). More diversity than celebrity: A typology of role model interaction. Journal of Social Marketing, 3(2), 111-126. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSOCM-05-2012-0079.

Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods. Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press.

Budi, S. C., Hidayat, Z., & Mani, L. (2021). The Effects of Experience and Brand Relationship to Brand Satisfaction, Trust and Loyalty Shopping Distribution of Consumer Philips Lighting Product in Indonesia. Journal of Distribution Science, 19(1), 115-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.15722/jds.19.1.202101.115.

Burkhalter, J. N., Curasi, C. F., Thornton, C. G., & Donthu, N. (2017). Music and its multitude of meanings: Exploring what makes brand placements in music videos authentic. Journal of Brand Management, 24(2), 140-160. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-017-0029-5

Cargan, L. (2007). Doing social research. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Chang, W., & Park, S. E. (2019). The fandom of Hallyu, a tribe in the digital network era: The case of ARMY of BTS. Kritika Kultura 32, 261-287.

Chiou, J. S., Huang, C. Y., & Chuang, M. C. (2005). Antecedents of Taiwanese adolescents' purchase intention toward the merchandise of a celebrity: The moderating effect of celebrity adoration. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145(3), 317-334. https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.145.3.317-334.

Chrysochou, P. (2017). Consumer behavior research methods. Consumer Perception of Product Risks and Benefits, 409-428. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50530-5_22.

Cummins, S., Peltier, J. W., Schibrowsky, J. A., & Nill, A. (2014). Consumer behavior in the online context. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 8(3), 169-202. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-04-2013-0019.

Dash, S., & Saji, K. B. (2008). The role of consumer self-efficacy and website social-presence in customers' adoption of B2C online shopping: an empirical study in the Indian context. Journal of international consumer marketing, 20(2), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1300/J046v20n02_04.

Davis, M. H. (2018). Empathy: A social psychological approach. New York, NY: Routledge.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The what and why of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01.

Derbaix, M., & Korchia, M. (2019). Individual celebration of pop music icons: A study of music fans relationships with their object of fandom and associated practices. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 18(2), 109-119. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1751.

Dhar, R. (1997). Consumer preference for a no-choice option. Journal of Consumer Research, 24(2), 215-231. https://doi.org/10.1086/209506.

Drost, E. A. (2011). Validity and reliability in social science research. Education Research and Perspectives, 38(1), 105-123. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit. 491551710186460.

Duffett, M. (2013). Understanding fandom: An introduction to the study of media fan culture. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104.

Grashuis, J., Skevas, T., & Segovia, M. S. (2020). Grocery shopping preferences during the COVID-19pandemic. Sustainability, 12(13), 5369. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135369.

Gray, J., Sandvoss, C., & Harrington, C. L. (Eds.).(2017). Fandom: Identities and communities in a mediated world. New York, NY: NYU Press.

Guarte, J. M., & Barrios, E. B. (2006). Estimation under purposive sampling. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 35(2), 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610910600591610.

Han, S. S. (2020). A factor effecting online social decisions in online consumer behavior. The Journal of Distribution Science, 18(3), 67-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15722/ jds.18.3.202003.67.

Heale, R., & Twycross, A. (2015). Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evidence-Based Nursing, 18(3), 66-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129.

Ho Lee, S., & Jung, K. S. (2018). Loyal customer behaviors:Identifying brand fans. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 46(8), 1285-1303.

Hoyt, W. T., Leierer, S., & Millington, M. J. (2006). Analysis and interpretation of findings using multiple regression techniques. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 49(4), 223-233. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6482.

Huang, Y. A., Lin, C., & Phau, I. (2015). Idol attachment and human brand loyalty. European Journal of Marketing, 49(7/8), 1234-1255. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-07-2012-0416.

Huang, Y., & Oppewal, H. (2006). Why consumers hesitate to shop online: An experimental choice analysis of grocery shopping and the role of delivery fees. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 34(4/5), 334-353. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550610660260.

Jahn, B., & Kunz, W. (2012). How to transform consumers into fans of your brand. Journal of Service Management, 23(3), 344-361. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564231211248444.

Jeon, J. (2015). The strengths and limitations of the statistical modeling of complex social phenomenon: Focusing on SEM, path analysis, or multiple regression models. International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering, 9(5), 1634-1642. doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1105869.

Johnson, D. S., Bardhi, F., & Dunn, D. T. (2008). Understanding how technology paradoxes affect customer satisfaction with self‐service technology: The role of performance ambiguity and trust in technology. Psychology & Marketing, 25(5), 416-443. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20218.

Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert scale:Explored and explained. British Journal of Applied Science &Technology, 7(4), 396.

Jung, S. (2010). Korean masculinities and transcultural consumption: Yonsama, Rain, Oldboy, K-pop idols (Vol. 1). Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

Lacasa, P., de la Fuente, J., Garcia-Pernia, M., & Cortes, S. (2017). Teenagers, fandom and identity. Persona Studies, 3(2), 51-65. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.956274108483142.

Lee, J. (2019). BTS and ARMY culture. Seoul, Korea:Communication Books.

Lee, M., Yoo, J., & Ko, E. (2021). A study on the BTS goods values and collaboration brand preference according to fandom type: focusing on BTS fan-club ARMY. Journal of Fashion Business, 25(1), 165-178. https://doi.org/10.12940/jfb.2021.25.1.165.

Lichtenstein, S., & Slovic, P. (2006). The construction of preference. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Littlejohn, S. W., Foss, K. A., & Oetzel, J. G. (2017). Theories of human communication (11th ed.). Waveland, IL: Waveland Press.

Loroz, P. S., & Braig, B. M. (2015). Consumer attachments to human brands: The Oprah effect. Psychology & Marketing, 32(7), 751–763. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20815.

Lu Wang, C. (2017). Exploring the rise of fandom in contemporary consumer culture. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.

Maidiana, K., & Hidayat, Z. (2021). Distributing goods and information flow: Factors influencing online purchasing behavior of Indonesian consumers. Journal of Distribution Science, 19(7), 5-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15722/jds.19.7.202107.5.

McCutcheon, L. E., Lange, R., & Houran, J. (2002). Conceptualization and measurement of celebrity worship. British Journal of Psychology, 93(1), 67-87. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712602162454.

McLaren, C., & Dal Yong, J. I. N. (2020). You can’t help but love them: BTS, transcultural fandom, and affective identities. Korea Journal, 60(1), 100-127. doi:10.25024/kj.2020.60.1.100.

Miles, J. (2005). R-Squared, adjusted R-Squared. Encyclopedia of Statistics in Behavioral Science, 4, 1655-1657. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470013192.bsa526.

Nelson, O., & Deborah, A. (2017). Celebrity endorsement influence on brand credibility: A critical review of previous studies. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 7(1), 15-32. https://doi.org/10.29333/ojcmt/2577.

Nunnally, J. C. (1975). Psychometric theory 25 years ago and now. Educational Researcher, 4(10), 7-21. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X004010007.

Oh, M. J., Hwnag, Y. Y., Quan, Z. X., & Jung, J. C. (2014). The effect of three different generation types on prosocial consumption behavior. The Journal of Distribution Science, 12(3), 55-63. doi: 10.13106/jds.2014.vol12.no3.55.

Park, S., & Lee, D. (2017). An empirical study on consumer online shopping channel choice behavior in omni-channel environment. Telematics and Informatics, 34(8), 1398-1407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2017.06.003.

Riggio, R. E., Tucker, J., & Coffaro, D. (1989). Social skills and empathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 10(1), 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(89)90184-0.

Saleem, A., Ghafar, A., Ibrahim, M., Yousuf, M., & Ahmed, N. (2015). Product perceived quality and purchase intention with consumer satisfaction. Global journal of management and business research, 15(1E).

Sandvoss, C. (2005). Fans: The mirror of consumption. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

Segal, E. (2018). Social empathy. New York Chichester, UK:Columbia University Press.

Segal, E. A., Cimino, A. N., Gerdes, K. E., Harmon, J. K., & Wagaman, M. A. (2013). A confirmatory factor analysis of the interpersonal and social empathy index. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 4(3), 131-153. https://doi.org/10.5243/jsswr.2013.9.

Simonson, I. (2008). Will I like a medium pillow? Another look at constructed and inherent preferences. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 18(3), 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2008.04.002.

Singh, D. P. (2014). Online shopping motivations, information search, and shopping intentions in an emerging economy. The Journal of Business Economics and Environmental Studies, 4(3), 5-12. doi: 10.13106/eajbm.2014.vol4.no3.5.

Smith, B. G., Kendall, M. C., Knighton, D., & Wright, T. (2018). Rise of the brand ambassador: Social stake, corporate social responsibility and influence among the social media influencers. Communication Management Review, 3(01), 6-29. https://doi.org/10.22522/cmr20180127.

Solomon, M., Russell-Bennett, R., & Previte, J.(2012). Consumer behaviour (3rd ed.). Frenchs Forest, NSW:Pearson Higher Education AU.

Thomson, M. (2006). Human brands: Investigating antecedents to consumers’ strong attachments to celebrities. Journal of Marketing, 70(3), 104–19. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.3.104.

Touhami, B., & Al-Haq, F. A. (2017). The influence of the Korean Wave on the language of international fans: Case study of Algerian fans. Sino-US English Teaching, 14(10), 598-626. doi:10.17265/1539-8072/2017.10.004.

Turčínková, J., & Stávková, J. (2009). Changes in consumer behavior on the market with food. Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun, 57(3), 173-178.

Vehovar, V., Toepoel, V., & Steinmetz, S. (2016). Non-probability sampling. The Sage Handbook of Survey Methods, 329-345.

Voorhees, C. M., Brady, M. K., Calantone, R., & Ramirez, E. (2016). Discriminant validity testing in marketing: an analysis, causes for concern, and proposed remedies. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 44(1), 119-134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-015-0455-4.

Williamson, G. R. (2003). Misrepresenting random sampling? A systematic review of research papers in the Journal of Advanced Nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 44(3), 278-288. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02803.x.

Yoo, C. K., & Kim, G. P. (2019). An empirical analysis on the compromised delivery model of traditional market using delivery application. The Journal of Industrial Distribution &Business, 10(10), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.13106/ijidb.2019.vol10.no10.45.

Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist, 35(2), 151. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.35.2.151.