- 권한신청
- E-ISSN2233-5382
- KCI
창업 전 기업가기질과 사회적 자본이 창업의도에 미치는 영향
The Impact of Entrepreneurial Temperament and Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Intention before Start-up
이재은 (Dept. of Faculty of Arts, Shinhan University)
- 다운로드 수
- 조회수
Abstract
Purpose - This study aimed to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial temperament (ET) such as innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness in entrepreneur's lifetime before start-up and the effect of social capital (SC) such as network ties and trustworthiness on entrepreneurial intention. Research design, data, and methodology - We examined the components of ET (innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness) and components of SC (network ties and trustworthiness) through existing prior research and investigated the factors that affected entrepreneurial intention. The first hypothesis of this study was that entrepreneurial temperament will have a significant impact on network ties of social capital, and the second hypothesis assumed that entrepreneurial temperament will have a significant effect on the trustworthiness of social capital. Finally, the second hypothesis assumed that social capital will have a significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions. We collected 175 data using questionnaires for people who have not yet started a start-up. And we used the Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the collected data and to test the research model by the two step research procedure. Results - As a result, the innovativeness and proactiveness of ET have a significant effect on network ties and trustworthiness of SC, but the effect of risk-taking on risk-taking of SC is not significant. On the other hand, network ties and network ties of SC was revealed a significant effect on the EI. Conclusions - The implications of this article could be observed as mentioned in this paper. First, we found that entrepreneurial innovativeness and proactiveness are helpful in constructing SCs, but not risk-taking. These results demonstrated that ET of entrepreneurs is important factor in the formation of social capital. Second, the SC that an entrepreneur built before the start-up has a meaning for EI. In conclusion, ET was affected partially to EI mediated SC. It is academic in that ET and SC are independent from each other and have a mediating role between ET and EI, unlike those directly affecting EI. Although some important implications were found in this study, this study had some limitations and we hope that future research will be complemented.
- keywords
- Entrepreneurial Temperament, Social Capital, Entrepreneurial Intention before Start-up
참고문헌
Acquaah, M. (2007). Managerial social capital, strategic orientation, and organizational performance in an emerging economy. Strategic Management Journal, 28(12), 1235–1255.
Adler, R., & Kwon, S. (1999). Social capital: The good, the bad, the ugly. Working paper, Department of Management, University of Southern California.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Aldrich, H., Zimmer, C., & Jones, T. (1986). Small business still speaks with the same voice: a replication of ‘the voice of small business and the politics of survival’. The Sociological Review, 34(2), 335-356.
Anderson, J, C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. J. (1988). On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological review, 84(2), 191.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Batjargal, B. (2003). Social capital and entrepreneurial performance in Russia: A longitudinal study. Organization Studies, 24(4), 535–556.
Belliveau, M. A., O'Reilly, C. A., & Wade, J. B. (1996). Social capital at the top: Effects of social similarity and status on CEO compensation. Academy of Management Journal, 39(6), 1568–1593.
Borland, C. M. (1975). Locus of control, need for achievement and entrepreneurship. Doctoral dissertation, ProQuest Information & Learning.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In Richardson J. G. (ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. New York, NY:Greenwood Press.
Burt, R. S. (1997). The contingent value of social capital. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(2), 339–366.
Cantillon, R. (1931), Essai sur la nature du commerce en général, edited and translated by H. Higgs, London:Macmillan.
Chandra, Y., Styles, C., & Wilkinson, I. (2009). The recognition of first time international entrepreneurial opportunities: Evidence from firms in knowledgebased industries. International Marketing Review, 26(1), 30-61.
Chin, W. W. (1998). Issues and Opinion on Structural Equation Modeling. MIS Quarterly, 22(1), 7-16.
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation ofhuman capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94(Supplement), 95–120.
Covin, J. G., & Miles, M. P. (1999). Corporate entrepreneurship and the pursuit of competitive advantage. Entrepreneurship: Theory and practice, 23(3), 47-47.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1988). The influence of organization structure on the utility of an entrepreneurial top management style. Journal of management studies, 25(3), 217-234.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship: Critical perspectives on business and management, 3, 5-28.
De Carolis, D. M., Litzky, B. E., & Eddleston, K. A. (2009). Why networks enhance the progress of new venture creation: The influence of social capital and cognition. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 33(2), 527-545.
De Pillis, E., & Reardon, K. K. (2007). The influence of personality traits and persuasive messages on entrepreneurial intention: A cross-cultural comparison. Career Development International, 12(4), 382-396.
Dess, G. G., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2005). The role of entrepreneurial orientation in stimulating effective corporate entrepreneurship. The Academy of Management Executive, 19(1), 147-156.
Dubini, P., & Aldrich, H. (1991). Personal and extended networks are central to the entrepreneurial process. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(5), 305-313.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to research and theory. Reading, PA: Addison-Wesley.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Gupta, M., Jin, L., & Homma, N. (2004). Static and dynamic neural networks: from fundamentals to advanced theory. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Gürol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education+ Training, 48(1), 25-38.
Hébert, R. F., & Link, A. N. (1988). The entrepreneur:mainstream views & radical critiques. New York:Praeger Publishers.
Hosmer, L. T. (1995). Trust: The connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics. Academy of management Review, 20(2), 379-403.
Huggins, R. (2010). Forms of network resource: Knowledge access and the role of inter-firm networks. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(3), 335–352.
Katz, J., & Gartner, W. B. (1988). Properties of emerging organizations. Academy of management review, 13(3), 429-441.
Kearney, C., Hisrich, R., & Roche, F. (2008). A conceptual model of public sector corporate entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4(3), 295-313.
Kirzner, I. M. (1985). Discovery and the capitalist process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kolvereid, L., & Isaksen, E. (2006). New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(6), 866-885.
Kostova, T., & Roth, K. (2003). Social capital in multinational corporations and a micro-macro model of its formation. Academy of Management Review, 28(2), 297–317.
Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5(4), 315-330.
Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business venturing, 15(5), 411-432.
Lechner, M. G., Liebertz, D. J., & Epstein, A. L. (2010). Characterization of cytokine-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells from normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The Journal of Immunology, 185(4), 2273-2284.
Li, Y. H., Huang, J. W., & Tsai, M. T. (2009). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance:The role of knowledge creation process. Industrial marketing management, 38(4), 440-449.
Liñán, F., & Santos, F. J. (2007). Does social capital affect entrepreneurial intentions?. International Advances in Economic Research, 13(4), 443-453.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
Martin, S. L., & Javalgi, R. R. G. (2016). Entrepreneurial orientation, marketing capabilities and performance:The moderating role of competitive intensity on Latin American International new ventures. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2040-2051.
Mattessich, P. W., Monsey, B. R., & Roy, C. (1997). Community building: What makes it work: A review of factors influencing successful community building. St. Paul, Minn.: Amherst H. Wilder Foundation.
Maurer, I., Bartsch, V., & Ebers, M. (2011). The value of intra-organizational social capital: How it fosters knowledge transfer, innovation performance, and growth. Organization Studies, 32(2), 157-185.
Miller, D. (2011). Miller (1983) revisited: A reflection on EO research and some suggestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 873-894.
Moran, P. (2005). Structural vs. relational embeddedness:social capital and managerial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 26(12), 1129–1151.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of management review, 23(2), 242-266.
Norman, P., & Smith, L. (1995). The theory of planned behaviour and exercise: An investigation into the role of prior behaviour, behavioural intentions and attitude variability. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25(4), 403-415.
Oh, H., Chung, M., & Labianca, G. (2004). Group social capital and group effectiveness: The role of informal socializing ties. Academy of Management Journal, 47(6), 860–875.
Park, C., & Kang, Y. R. (2010). A Comparative tudy Entrepreneurship Among Korea, China, Mongolia, and Cambodia. Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business, 32(2), 225-246.
Pillai, K. G., Hodgkinson, G. P., Kalyanarm, G., & Nair, S. M. (2017). The Negative Effects of Social Capital in Organizations: A Review and Extension. International Journal of Management Review, 19(1), 97-1244.
Pittaway, L., Robertson, M., Munir, K., Denyer, D., & Neely, A. (2004). Networking and innovation: a systematic review of the evidence. International Journal of Management Reviews, 5/6(3/4), 137-168.
Portes, A. (1998). Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annual review of sociology, 24(1), 1-24.
Putnam, R. D. (1993). The prosperous community. The american prospect, 4(13), 35-42.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York, NY:Simon & Schuster.
Reynolds, P., Storey, D. J., & Westhead, P. (1994). Cross-national comparisons of the variation in new firm formation rates. Regional studies, 28(4), 443-456.
Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of management review, 23(3), 393-404.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1928). The instability of capitalism. The economic journal, 38(151), 361-386.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1950). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy (3rd ed.). New York: Harper.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1954). History of economic analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
Sexton, D. L., & Bowman, N. B. (1986). Validation of a personality index: Comparative psychological characteristics analysis of female entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurship students and business students. In Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Wellesley: Babson College.
Shapero, A., & Sokol, L. (1982). The social dimensions of entrepreneurship. In C. A. Kent, D. L. Sexton, & K. H. Vesper (eds.). Encyclopedia of enterpreneuership (pp. 72-90). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Sparrow, J. (2001). Knowledge management in small firms. Knowledge and process management, 8(1), 3-16.
Tsai, W., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital and value creation: The role of interfirm networks. Academy of Management Journal, 41(4), 464–476.
Uzzi, B. (1996). The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economic performance of organizations: The network effect. American Sociological Review, 61(4), 674–698.
Veciana, J. M., Aponte, M., & Urbano, D. (2005). University students’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship:A two countries comparison. The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1(2), 165-182.
Whittington, K. B., Owen-Smith, J., & Powell, W. W. (2009). Networks, propinquity, and innovation in knowledge-intensive industries. Administrative science quarterly, 54(1), 90-122.
Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self‐efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 31(3), 387-406.
Yoon, K. C., & Park, J. (2016). Performance of New Ventures in Korea: Modeling Product and Process Improvements based on Choice of Foreign Market Entry Mode. Journal of International Trade &Commerce, 12(3), 95-116.
Zheng, W. (2010). A social capital perspective of innovation from individuals to nations: Where is empirical literature directing us?. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(2), 151–183.
- 다운로드 수
- 조회수
- 0KCI 피인용수
- 0WOS 피인용수