수사 장면에서 피해자 및 목격자들은 사건 목격 이후 다양한 오정보에 노출될 뿐만 아니라 장기간의 시간 지연 후 진술할 가능성이 높다. 본 연구는 정확 회상을 저해할 수 있는 시간 지연 및 오정보의 영향을 감소시키고 정확 회상 보고량을 증진시키는 방안을 고안하기 위해 진행되었다. 따라서 목격자 진술을 빠르고 정확하게 확보하는데 도움이 된다고 알려진 자기 기입식 면담(Self-Administered Interview, SAI)을 수행한 집단이 SAI를 수행하지 않은 통제 집단보다 정보를 더 많이 보고하는지, 또 SAI를 통해 오정보 및 시간 지연의 영향을 받지 않고 정확 정보가 유지되는지 알아보고자 하였다. 88명의 20대 성인을 대상으로 범죄를 재연한 영상을 보여준 후 SAI나 통제 과제(게임)를 수행하도록 하였으며, 오정보를 목격 당일(1회기), 혹은 4주 후(2회기)에 제시하여 4주 후 회상량에 영향을 주는지 검증했다. 그 결과 SAI를 실시한 집단이 통제 집단보다 4주의 지연 이후 실시된 2회기의 검사에서 정확 정보를 더 많이 보고하였으며, 부정확 정보 및 작화 정보 보고량에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 오정보의 제시 시점은 회상량에 영향을 주지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 사건을 목격한 직후 SAI를 실시하는 것이 장기간의 시간 지연에서 기억 정보를 보호할 수 있음을 시사한다. 마지막으로 연구의 의의 및 제한점, 그리고 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.
Witnesses will be exposed to a variety of misinformation after the witnessing of the event and state at the scene of the investigation after the delay period. This study was conducted to promote correct recall reporting without being affected by factors that against correct recall. Self-Administered Interview(SAI) is known to obtain eyewitness accounts quickly and accurately. Therefore, we performed a SAI to see if it reported more information than the control group that did not perform the SAI. Also, it also performed that correct information was maintained without being affected by misinformation and delay. Eighty-eight participants were asked to perform SAI or game after showing a video of mock crime. Misinformation was presented in the first or second session to see if it affected recall. An analysis of responses from the final test conducted in the second session by participants showed that groups that conducted SAI after a four-week delay reported more correct information than control groups, while there was no difference between incorrect- and confabulation information. In particular, the timing of presenting misinformation did not affect the amount of recall. This suggests that conducting the SAI immediately after witnessing the event protects correct information even after four weeks. Finally, the significance and limitations of this study, and subsequent studies were discussed.
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