Abstract

Background: The classical gardens of China and South Korea, rich in traditional cultural connotations, provide a respite from the emptiness and anxiety brought by modern society. This is closely tied to the involvement of scholarly hermits, who represented the learned and morally cultivated class in the ancient garden constructions of both countries. Studying the spatial characteristics of these hermitage gardens is important for modern spatial design. Purpose：This research compares representative residential hermitage gardens in China and South Korea - the Lüdao Fang Residence Garden and the Yin Zheng Ancient Residence. It identifies the similarities and differences in their spatial features and the reasons behind these variations.It also explores the potential applications of these characteristics in contemporary spatial design. Methods: The study begins with a literature review to define the concept of hermitage gardens. It then proceeds with on-site and documentary research of the Lüdao Fang Residence Garden and the Yunjeong Gotaek, analyzing and comparing the spatial attributes of these two gardens. Results: Both gardens reflect the hermitage philosophies of "Moderate Reclusion" and "Confucian Hermitage," chosen for their locations in scenic, tranquil, and harmonious settings. However, their relationships with urban areas differ; both prioritize the creation of spaces that are secluded yet connected. Conclusion: Analyzing and comparing their reclusive cultural characteristics deepens and refines the understanding of Chinese garden art theory and hermit culture. It also provides a theoretical foundation for further exploring their revitalization and promoting creative transformation and innovative development in Eastern classical garden art.