바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

The Impact of Auditor-Client Traffic Convenience on Earnings Management in China

Asian Journal of Business Environment / Asian Journal of Business Environment, (P)2765-6934; (E)2765-7027
2021, v.11 no.4, pp.5-16
Hong YIN (Suzhou Vocational University)
Yanbin DU (Suzhou Vocational University)
  • Downloaded
  • Viewed

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of auditor-client traffic convenience on accrual -based and real earnings management of the client firms. Research design, data and methodology: Using a sample of firms listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges over the period of 2007 to 2018, this paper empirically investigates the association between auditor-client traffic convenience and earnings management. We use three measures of auditor-client traffic convenience: railway traffic convenience, expressway traffic convenience, and air traffic convenience. The accrual-based earnings management is measured by abnormal accruals estimated by industry and year using the Modified Jones Model. Results: Findings indicate that traffic convenience is conducive to detecting and restraining positive accrual earnings management and real earnings management. After changing the measurement of independent variable and dependent variable, including potential omitted variables, the results are statistically unchanged. Further, the research shows that traffic convenience can not only improve audit quality, but also lead to higher fee premiums. Auditors didn’t share with clients the cost reduction benefits caused by traffic convenience. Conclusions: Traffic convenience provides auditors with easy access to the client firms, alleviating the information asymmetry and improving corporate earnings quality. The findings have implications for regulators, audit practitioners and stakeholders.

keywords
Travel Convenience, Accrual Earnings Management in China, Real Earnings Management

Reference

1.

Ashbaugh, H., Lafond, R., & Mayhew, B. W. (2003). Do non-audit services compromise auditor independence? Further evidence. Accounting Review, 78(3), 611-639. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2003.78.3.611

2.

Asthana, S. C., Raman, K. K., & Xu, H. (2015). U.S.-listed foreign companies' choice of a U.S.-based versus home country-based Big N principal auditor and the effect on audit Fees and earnings quality. Accounting Horizons, 29(3), 631-666. DOI:10.2308/acch-51105

3.

Bae, K. H., René, M., Stulz, & Tan, H. (2008). Do local analysts know more? A cross-country study of the performance of local analysts and foreign analysts. Journal of Financial Economics, 88(3), 581-606. DOI:10.1016/j.jfineco.2007.02.004

4.

Berger, A. N., Miller, N. H., Petersen, M. A., et al. (2005). Does function follow organizational form? Evidence from the lending practices of large and small Banks. Journal of Financial Economics, 76(2), 237-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco. 2004.06.003

5.

Carey, P., & Simnett, R. (2006). Audit partner tenure and audit quality. The Accounting Review, 81(3), 653-676. DOI:10.2308/accr.2006.81.3.653

6.

Choi, A., Choi, J. & Sohn, B. C. (2018). The joint effect of audit quality and legal regimes on the use of real earnings management: International evidence. Contemporary Accounting Research, 35(4), 2225-2257. DOI:10.1111/1911-3846.12370

7.

Choi, J. H., Kim, J. B., Qiu, A. A., & Zang, Y. (2012). Geographic proximity between auditor and client: How does it impact audit quality?. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 31(2), 43-72. DOI:10.2308/ajpt-10241

8.

Cohen, D. A.,Dey, A., & Lys, T. Z. (2008). Real and accrualbased earnings management in the pre-and-post-Sarbanes-Oxley periods. The Accounting Review, 83(3), 757-787. DOI:10.2308/accr.2008.83.3.757

9.

Cohen, D. A., & Zarowin, P. (2010). Accrual-based and real earnings management activities around seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 50(1), 2-19. DOI:10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.01.002

10.

Coval, J., & Moskowitz, T. (2001). The geography of investment: informed trading and asset prices. Journal of Political Economy, 109(4), 811-841. https://doi.org/10.1086/322088

11.

DeAngelo, L. E. (1981). Audit size and audit quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(3), 183-199. DOI:10.1016/0165-4101(81)90002-1

12.

Dechow, P. M., & Dichev, I. (2002) The quality of accruals and earnings: The role of accrual estimation errors. Accounting Review, 77, 35-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.s-1.35

13.

Dechow, P. M., Ge, W., & Schrand, C. (2010). Understanding earnings quality: A review of the proxies, their determinants and their consequences. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2-3), 344-401. DOI:10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.09.001

14.

Dechow, P. M., Sloan, R. G., & Hutton, A. P. (1995). Detecting earnings management. Accounting Review, 1995, 70(2), 193-225. DOI:10.2307/258852

15.

DeFond, M., Wong, T. J., & Li, S. (1999). The impact of improved auditor independence on audit market concentration in China. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 28(3), 269-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(00)00005-7

16.

Degryse, H., & Ongena, S. (2005). Distance, lending relationships, and competition. The Journal of Finance, 60(1), 231-266. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00729.x

17.

Ewert, R., & Wagenhofer, A. (2005). Economic effects of tightening accounting standards to restrict earnings management. Accounting Review, 80(4), 1101-1124. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2005.80.4.1101

18.

Francis, J. R., & Yu, M. D. (2009). Big 4 Office Size and Audit Quality. The Accounting Review, 84(5), 1521-1552. DOI:10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1521

19.

Guay, W. R., Kothari, S. P., & Watts, R. L. (1996). A market-based evaluation of discretionary-accrual models. Journal of Accounting Research, (34), 83-105. DOI:10.2307/2491427

20.

Hay, D. C., Knechel, W. R., & Wong, N. (2006). Audit fees: A meta-analysis of the effect of supply and demand Attributes. Contemporary Accounting Research, 23(1), 141-19. DOI:10.1506/4XR4-KT5V-E8CN-91GX

21.

Hong, J., Chu, Z., & Wang, Q. (2011). Transport infrastructure and regional economic growth: Evidence from China. Transportation, 38(5), 737-752. DOI:10.1007/s11116-011-9349-6

22.

Ivkovic, Z., & Weisbenner, S. (2005). Local does as local is: Information content of the geography of individual investors’ common stock investments. The Journal of Finance, 60(1), 267-306. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00730.x

23.

Jensen, K., Kim, J. M., & Yi, H. (2015). The geography of US auditors: Information quality and monitoring costs by local versus non-local auditors. Review of Quantitative Finance & Accounting, 44(3), 513-549. DOI:10.1007/s11156-013-0416-2

24.

Knechel, W., Salterio, S., & Ballou, B. (2007). Auditing: Assurance and Risk, 3rd edn. South-Western College Publishing, Boston, MA

25.

Li, Q., & Song, Y. (2007). The locality of CPA’s firms and its ability in deterring opportunistic earnings management. China Accounting Review, 5(1), 83-94. DOI:CNKI:SUN:ZKJP.0. 2007-01-007

26.

Liberti, J. M., & Petersen, M. A. (2019). Information: hard and soft. Review of Corporate Finance Studies, 8(1), 1-41. DOI:10.1093/rcfs/cfy009

27.

Malloy, C. (2005). The geography of equity analysts. The Journal of Finance, 60(2), 719-755. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00744.x

28.

Menon, K., & Williams, D. D. (2004). Former audit partners and abnormal accruals. Accounting Review, 79(4), 1095-1118. DOI:10.2308/accr.2004.79.4.1095

29.

Park, B. (2019). Audit committees and managerial influence on audit quality: 'Voluntary' versus 'mandatory' approach to corporate governance. Australian Accounting Review, 29(1), 266-280. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12263

30.

Pong, C. M., & Whittington, G. (1994). The determinants of audit fees: Some empirical models. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 21(8), 1071-1095. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-5957.1994.tb00365.x

31.

Roychowdhury, S. (2006). Earnings management through real activities manipulation. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 42(3), 335-370. DOI:10.1016/j.jacceco.2006.01.002

32.

Simunic, D. (1980). The pricing of audit services - Theory and evidence. Journal of Accounting Research, 18, 161-190. DOI:10.2307/2490397

33.

Wang, Q., Wong, T. J., & Xia, L. (2008). State ownership, the institutional environment, and auditor choice: Evidence from China. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 46(1), 112-134. DOI:10.1016/j.jacceco.2008.04.001

34.

Wei, Y. D. (1999). Regional inequality in China. Progress in Human Geography, 23(1), 49-59. DOI: 10.1191/030913299676254572

35.

Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the trade-off between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management. Accounting Review, 87(2), 675-703. DOI:10.2308/accr-10196

Asian Journal of Business Environment