바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

  • P-ISSN2765-6934
  • E-ISSN2765-7027
  • KCI

Human Resource Management in Nepal: A Delphi Study

Asian Journal of Business Environment / Asian Journal of Business Environment, (P)2765-6934; (E)2765-7027
2019, v.9 no.1, pp.5-12
Arun Gurung (Ajou University)

Abstract

Purpose - This study aims to explore and describe human resource management (HRM) in Nepalese organizations. Specifically, this study addresses three research questions: (a) what are the key human resource (HR) practices in Nepalese organizations?; (b) what are the major tasks and roles of HR departments in Nepalese organizations?; and (c) how is the status of the HR function expected to change within Nepalese organizations? Research design, data, and methodology - For this purpose, we implemented the Delphi method and developed an informed consensus among selected experts concerning the research questions. Results - The findings illustrate that organizations in Nepal adopt a wide range of HR practices commonly used in Western and developed countries. Simultaneously, some HR practices specific to the Nepalese context are also discovered. The experts’ consensus on the future of HRM confirms that the evolution of the HR function to a strategic partner of management is evident in Nepalese organizations. Conclusions – Domestic as well as foreign organizations in Nepal try to create HRM systems that place them on a par with global companies. At the same time, they incorporate cultural features specific to Nepal to compete effectively in local markets. While there are few empirical studies describing HR practices in Nepal, this study contributes to broadening our understanding of the current and future status of HRM in Nepal.

keywords
Delphi Method, Human Resource Management, National Culture, Nepal.

Reference

1.

Adhikari, D. R. (2010). Human Resource Development (HRD)for Performance Management: The Case of Nepalese Organizations. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 59(4), 306-324.

2.

Adhikari, D. R., & Gautam, D. K. (2006). Human Resource Management in Nepal: Integration and Organizational Performance. Banijya Sansar, 12, 31-37.

3.

Adhikari, D. R., & Muller, M. (2001). Management in Nepal. In P. S. Budhwar & Y.A. Debrah (Eds.), Human Resource Management in Developing Countries (pp. 91-102). London, UK: Routledge.

4.

Aycan, Z. (2005). The Interplay between Cultural and Institutional/Structural Contingencies in Human Resource Management Practices. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(7), 1083-1119.

5.

Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R. N., Mendonca, M., Yu, K., Deller, J., Stahl, G., & Kurshid, A. (2000). Impact of Culture on Human Resource Management Practices: A 10-Country Comparison. Applied Psychology, 49(1), 192-221.

6.

Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R. K., & Sinha, J. B. (1999). Organizational Culture and Human Resource Management Practices: The Model of Culture Fit. Journal of Crosscultural Psychology, 30(4), 501-526.

7.

Baek, J. Y., & Wang, S. (2018). The Localization Strategies and Success of Costco: Focusing on a Japanese Mature Retail Market. The International Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business, 9(2), 7-16.

8.

Bochner, S., & Hesketh, B. (1994). Power Distance, Individualism/Collectivism, and Job-related Attitudes in a Culturally Diverse Work Group. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 25(2), 233-257.

9.

Budhwar, P. S., & Debrah, Y. A. (2013). Human Resource Management in Developing Countries. London, UK:Routledge.

10.

CRANET (2006). Survey on Comparative Human Resource Management: International Executive Report 2005. Retrieved February 1, 2018 from http://www.ef.uns.ac.rs/cranet/download/internationalreport2005-1.pdf

11.

Dalkey, N. (1969). An Experimental Study of Group Opinion:The Delphi Method. Futures, 1(5), 408-426.

12.

Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An Experimental Application of the Delphi Method to the Use of Experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458-467.

13.

Dastane, O., & Lee, W. Y. W. (2016). Korean Expatriates Adjustments and Job Satisfaction in Malaysia: Analysis of Corporate Cultural Asymmetry. The International Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business, 7(4), 33-45

14.

Delbecq, A. L., Van de Ven, A. H., & Gustafson, D. H. (1975). Group Techniques for Program Planning: A Guide to Nominal Group and Delphi Processes. Glenview, IL:Scott Foresman.

15.

Friedman, B. A. (2007). Globalization Implications for Human Resource Management Roles. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 19(3), 157-171.

16.

Gautam, D. K. (2013). Hofstede's Cultural Dimension after 35 Years: Business Practices and Paradoxical Proverbs in Nepal: A Case Study of NABIL Bank. The International Journal of Nepalese Academy of Management, 1(1), 87-114.

17.

Gautam, D. K. (2015). Strategic Integration of HRM for Organizational Performance: Nepalese Reality. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 4(1), 110-128.

18.

Gautam, D. K., & Davis, A. J. (2007). Integration and Devolvement of Human Resource Practices in Nepal. Employee Relations, 29(6), 711-726.

19.

Gautam, T., Van Dick, R., Wagner, U., Upadhyay, N., & Davis, A. J. (2005). Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment in Nepal. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 8(3), 305-314.

20.

Gerhart, B. (2008). Cross Cultural Management Research:Assumptions, Evidence, and Suggested Directions. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 8(3), 259-274.

21.

Gerhart, B., & Fang, M. (2005). National Culture and Human Resource Management: Assumptions and Evidence. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(6), 971-986.

22.

Gillman, O. (2015, June 8). Nepal's KFC and Pizza Hut restaurants shut down as workers demand time off to repair homes hit by the country's earthquake. Retrieved February 1, 2018 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3115843/Nepal-s-KFC-Pizza-Hut-restaurants-shut-wor kers-demand-time-repair-homes-hit-country-s-earthquake.html

23.

Hahn, Y., & Kim, D. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility:A Comparison Analysis. The East Asian Journal of Business Management, 6(4), 13-17.

24.

Hasson, F., Keeney, S., & McKenna, H. (2000). Research Guidelines for the Delphi Survey Technique. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(4), 1008-1015.

25.

Hofstede, G. H., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkow, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

26.

Kirkman, B. L., Lowe, K. B., & Gibson, C. B. (2006). A Quarter Century of Culture's Consequences: A Review of Empirical Research Incorporating Hofstede's Cultural Values Framework. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(3), 285-320.

27.

Leung, K., & Iwawaki, S. (1988). Cultural Collectivism and Distributive Behavior. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 19(1), 35-49.

28.

Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (1975). The Delphi Method:Techniques and Applications. London, UK: Addison.

29.

Maharjan, M. P. & Sekiguchi, T. (2016). Human Resource Management Practices at Foreign-affiliated Companies in Least-developed Regions: US and Japanese Companies in Nepal. Asian Business & Management, 15(2), 137-164.

30.

Mendonca, M., & Kanungo, R. N. (1994). Managing Human Resources: The Issue of Cultural Fit. Journal of Management Inquiry, 3(2), 189-205.

31.

Ministry of Industry (2017). Summary Sheet of Foreign Investment Projects in Nepal. Retrieved February 1, 2018 from http://www.doind.gov.np/images/iis/2073-74-fiscal_vs_scale_n_category.pdf

32.

Newman, K. L., & Nollen, S. D. (1996). Culture and Congruence: The Fit between Management Practices and National Culture. Journal of International Business Studies, 27(4), 753-779.

33.

Okoli, C., & Pawlowski, S. D. (2004). The Delphi Method as a Research Tool: An Example, Design Considerations and Applications. Information & Management, 42(1), 15-29.

34.

Ozawa, K., Crosby, M., & Crosby, F. (1996). Individualism and Resistance to Affirmative Action: A Comparison of Japanese and American Samples. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26(13), 1138-1152.

35.

Pudelko, M., & Harzing, A. W. (2007). Country-of-Origin, Localization, or Dominance Effect? An Empirical Investigation of HRM Practices in Foreign Subsidiaries. Human Resource Management, 46(4), 535-559.

36.

Rijal, R. (2015). Environmental Determinants of Multinational Companies in Nepal: A Case of KFC and Pizza Hut (Master’s thesis, University of Nordland). Retrieved February 1, 2018 from https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/299976/Rijal.pdf?sequence=1

37.

Rosenzweig, P. M., & Nohria, N. (1994). Influences on Human Resource Management Practices in Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 25(2), 229-251.

38.

Schmidt, R., Lyytinen, K., Keil, M., & Cule, P. (2001). Identifying Software Project Risks: An International Delphi Study. Journal of Management Information Systems, 17(4), 5-36.

39.

Skulmoski, G. J., Hartman, F. T., & Krahn, J. (2007). The Delphi Method for Graduate Research. Journal of Information Technology Education, 6(1), 1-21.

40.

Strasser, S., London, L., & Kortenbout, E. (2005). Developing a Competence Framework and Evaluation Tool for Primary Care Nursing in South Africa. Education for Health, 18(2), 133-144.

41.

Tayeb, M. (1995). The Competitive Advantage of Nations:The Role of HRM and its Socio-Cultural Context. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(3), 588-605.

42.

The World Bank (2017). World Development Indicators. Retrieved February 1, 2018 from https://data.worldbank.org /country/nepal?view=chart

43.

Yang, H. C., & Kim, Y. E. (2018). The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on Job Performance: Moderating Effects of Authentic Leadership and Meaningfulness of Work. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(3), 121-132.

44.

Zin, M. L. M., Ibrahim, H., & Hassan, Z. (2016). The Determinants of Human Resource Information System Success in Japanese Manufacturing Companies. The East Asian Journal of Business Management, 6(4), 27-34.

Asian Journal of Business Environment