Article Contents
- 2023 (Vol.86)
- 2022 (Vol.85)
- 2021 (Vol.84)
- 2020 (Vol.83)
- 2019 (Vol.82)
- 2018 (Vol.81)
- 2017 (Vol.80)
- 2016 (Vol.79)
- 2015 (Vol.78)
- 2014 (Vol.76)
- 2013 (Vol.74)
- 2012 (Vol.72)
- 2011 (Vol.70)
- 2010 (Vol.68)
- 2009 (Vol.66)
- 2008 (Vol.64)
- 2007 (Vol.62)
- 2006 (Vol.60)
- 2005 (Vol.58)
- 2004 (Vol.56)
- 2003 (Vol.54)
- 2002 (Vol.52)
An Unusual Case of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Caused by the Intravascular Invasion of an Invasive Thymoma
- Downloaded
- Viewed
Abstract
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is usually caused by extrinsic compression or invasion of the superior vena cava (SVC) by malignant tumors involving mediastinal structures. Although thymomas are well-known causes of SVCS, cases of SVCS caused by malignant thymomas protruding into adjacent vessels draining the SVC with thrombosis have been very rarely reported worldwide. We experienced a 39-year-old female patient with SVCS that developed after the direct invasion of the left brachiocephalic vein (LBCV) and SVC by an anterior mediastinal mass with a high maximum standardized uptake value on the chest computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT. Based on these results, she underwent en bloc resection of the tumor, including removal of the involved vessels, and was eventually diagnosed as having a type B2 thymoma permeating into the LBCV and SVC. We present this case as a very rare form of SVCS caused by an invasive thymoma.
- keywords
- Thymoma, Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, Positron-Emission Tomography
Reference
Herscovici R, Szyper-Kravitz M, Altman A, Eshet Y, Nevo M, Agmon-Levin N, et al. Superior vena cava syndrome: changing etiology in the third millennium. Lupus 2012;21:93-6.
Wan JF, Bezjak A. Superior vena cava syndrome. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2009;27:243-55.
Yu M, Shi A, Jin B, Jiang X, Liang H, Ouyang C. Superior vena cava occlusion caused by Behcet disease. J Vasc Surg 2012;55:1488-91.
Airan B, Sharma R, Iyer KS, Kalia PK, Singh MK, Shrivastava S, et al. Malignant thymoma presenting as intracardiac tumor and superior vena caval obstruction. Ann Thorac Surg 1990;50:989-91.
Terada Y, Ono N, Noguchi T, Kamakari K, Kitano M. A case of thymoma protruding into the superior vena cava through the thymic vein. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;77:1088-90.
Yamazaki K, Takeo S, Takeshita M, Sugimachi K. Thymic carcinoma presenting as an intraluminal growth into the great vessels and the cardiac cavity. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;8:163-6.
Masaoka A, Monden Y, Nakahara K, Tanioka T. Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages. Cancer 1981;48:2485-92.
Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM. Malignant thymoma in the United States: demographic patterns in incidence and associations with subsequent malignancies. Int J Cancer 2003;105:546-51.
Schmidt-Wolf IG, Rockstroh JK, Schuller H, Hirner A, Grohe C, Muller-Hermelink HK, et al. Malignant thymoma: current status of classification and multimodality treatment. Ann Hematol 2003;82:69-76.
Lewis JE, Wick MR, Scheithauer BW, Bernatz PE, Taylor WF. Thymoma: a clinicopathologic review. Cancer 1987;60:2727- 43.
Tseng YL, Wang ST, Wu MH, Lin MY, Lai WW, Cheng FF. Thymic carcinoma: involvement of great vessels indicates poor prognosis. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;76:1041-5.
Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC. Pathology and genetics of tmours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004.
Eguchi T, Yoshida K, Hamanaka K, Shiina T, Koizumi T, Kawakami S, et al. Utility of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for distinguishing between the histological types of early stage thymic epithelial tumours. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012;41:1059-62.
Terzi A, Bertolaccini L, Rizzardi G, Luzzi L, Bianchi A, Campione A, et al. Usefulness of 18-F FDG PET/CT in the pretreatment evaluation of thymic epithelial neoplasms. Lung Cancer 2011;74:239-43.
Davenport E, Malthaner RA. The role of surgery in the management of thymoma: a systematic review. Ann Thorac Surg 2008;86:673-84.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations