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Vol.84 No.2
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Nicotine Dependence and Stress Susceptibility in E-Cigarette Smokers: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2017

Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases / Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases,
2021, v.84 no.2, pp.159-166
https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2020.0166
Kim Jae Yeol (Chung-Ang University)
Kang Hye Seon (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.)
Jung Jae-Woo (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul)
Jung Sun Young (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul)

Park Jong Sook (Soonchunhyang University)

Lee Sang Haak (Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital)


Park Jisook (Department of Software Convergence, Seoul Women’s University College)

Korean Smoking Cessation Study Group (Korean Smoking Cessation Study Group)
Kim, J. Y. , Kang, H. S. , Jung, J. , Jung, S. Y. , Park, J. S. , Lee, S. H. , Park, J. , & Korean, S. C. S. G. (2021). Nicotine Dependence and Stress Susceptibility in E-Cigarette Smokers: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2017. Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases, 84(2), 159-166, https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2020.0166
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Abstract

Background: E-cigarettes are steadily gaining popularity in Korea. However, the characteristics of e-cigarette smokers, especially nicotine dependence and stress susceptibility, have not been evaluated in comparison to those of non smokers or combustible cigarette smokers in Korea. Methods: In this study, 28,059 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013– 2017) were classified into the following three groups: non-smokers, smokers (current smokers and ex-smokers of combustible cigarettes only), and e-smokers (current smokers and ex-smokers of e-cigarettes regardless of combustible cigarette use). Results: Among the participants, 16,980 (60.5%), 9,247 (33.0%), and 1,832 (6.4%) subjects were non-smokers, smokers, and e-smokers, respectively. E-smokers were younger, more educated, and had a higher household income than non smokers or smokers. The number of e-smokers who smoked within 5 minutes of waking up (31.5% vs. 19.8%, p<0.001) and who planned to quit smoking within 6 months (39.1% vs. 35.7%, p<0.05) was greater than that of smokers. E-smokers perceived stress as “very much” (7.0% vs. 4.4%, p<0.001) and “a lot” (29.1% vs. 20.5%, p<0.001) compared to non-smokers. Suicidal ideation (6.5% vs. 4.7%, p<0.001), plans (2.4% vs. 1.3%, p<0.001), and attempts (1.1% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001) were higher in e-smokers than in non-smokers. Depressive episodes in 1 year (14.2% vs. 11.4%, p<0.05) and suicidal plans (2.4% vs. 1.8%, p<0.05) were more frequent among e-smokers than among smokers. Conclusion: E-smokers were younger, more educated, and had a higher income, but they were more dependent on nicotine and susceptible to stress than non-smokers and smokers. Smoking cessation counseling should be tailored according to the characteristics of e-smokers.

keywords
E-cigarette, Nicotine Dependence, Stress Susceptibility

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