International consensus conferences in intensive care medicine: ventilator-associated Lung Injury in ARDS, (1999) This official conference report was cosponsored by the American Thoracic Society, The European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, and The Societe de Reanimation de Langue Francaise, and was approved by the ATS Board of Directors, July 1999,

Slutsky AS, (1998) Multiple system organ failure: is mechanical ventilation a contributing factor,

The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network, (2000) Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome,

Amato MB, (1998) Effect of a protective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome,

Tremblay LN, (1998) Ventilator-induced injury:from barotrauma to biotrauma,

Uhlig S, (2004) Pharmacological interventions in ventilator-induced lung injury,

Ame JC, (2004) The PARP superfamily,

Bouchard VJ, (2003) PARP-1,a determinant of cell survival in response to DNA damage,

Huber A, (2004) PARP-1, PARP-2 and ATM in the DNA damage response: functional synergy in mouse development,

Nguewa PA, (2005) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases: homology, structural domains and functions: novel therapeutical applications,

Virag L, (2002) The therapeutic potential of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors,

D'Amours D, (1999) Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reactions in the regulation of nuclear functions,

Herceg Z, (2001) Functions of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in DNA repair, genomic integrity and cell death.,

Berger NA, Poly(ADP-ribose) in the cellular response to DNA damage,

Berger NA, Metabolic consequences of DNA damage the role of poly polymerase as mediator of the suicide response,

Berger NA, (1995) NAD and poly(ADP-ribose)regulation of proteins involved in response to cellular stress and DNA damage,

Eliasson MJ, (1997) Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase gene disruption renders mice resistant to cerebral ischemia,

Ha HC, (1999) Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase is a mediator of necrotic cell death by ATP depletion,

Heller B, (1995) Inactivation of the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase gene affects oxygen radical and nitric oxide toxicity in islet cells,

Szabo C, (1996) activation of poly and cellular energy depletion are involved in the cytotoxicity of macrophages and smooth muscle cells exposed to peroxynitrite,

Virag L, (1998) Poly(ADP-ribose)synthetase activation mediates mitochondrial injury during oxidant-induced cell death,

Zhang J, (1994) Nitric oxide activation of poly(ADP-ribose)synthetase in neurotoxicity,

Zingarelli B, (1996) Peroxynitrite-mediated DNA strand breakage activates poly-adenosine diphosphate ribosyl synthetase and causes cellular energy depletion in macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide,

Zingarelli B, (1998) Genetic disruption of poly(ADP-ribose)synthetase inhibits the expression of P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury,

Dreyfuss D, (1998) Ventilator-induced lung injury:lessons from experimental studies,

Imanaka H, (2001) Ventilator-induced lung injury is associated with neutrophil infiltration,macrophage activation,and TGF-beta 1 mRNA upregulation in rat lungs,

Garcia Soriano F, (2001) Diabetic endothelial dysfunction: the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation,

Zhang J, (1997) Use of biotinylated NAD to label and purify ADP-ribosylated proteins,

Liaudet L, (2002) Activation of poly(ADP-Ribose)polymerase-1 is a central mechanism of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation,

Hirano S, (1996) Migratory responses of PMN after intraperitoneal and intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide,

Tsuno K, (1991) Histopathologic pulmonary changes from mechanical ventilation at high peak airway pressures,

Woo SW, (1972) Macrophage accumulation and pulmonary edema due to thoracotomy and lung over inflation,

Tremblay L, (1997) Injurious ventilatory strategies increase cytokines and c-fos m-RNA expression in an isolated rat lung model,

Matsuoka T, (1994) Role of high-frequency ventilation in surfactant-depleted lung injury as measured by granulocytes,

Sugiura M, (1994) Ventilator pattern influences neutrophil influx and activation in atelectasis-prone rabbit lung,

Takata M,, (1997) Intraalveolar expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene during conventional and high-frequency ventilation,

Zhang H, (2002) Conventional mechanical ventilation is associated with bronchoalveolar lavage-induced activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes:a possible mechanism to explain the systemic consequences of ventilator-induced lung injury in patients with ARDS,

Jafari B, (2004) Intracellular glutathione in stretch-induced cytokine release from alveolar type-2 like cells,

Li LF, (2004) Ventilation-induced neutrophil infiltration depends on c-Jun N-terminal kinase,

Rimensberger PC, (1998) Attenuation of ventilator-induced acute lung injury in an animal model by inhibition of neutrophil adhesion by leumedins(NPC 15669),

Ohta N, (2001) Glucocorticoid suppresses neutrophil activation in ventilator-induced lung injury,

Chavolla-Calderon M, (2003) Bone marrow transplantation reveals an essential synergy between neuronal and hemopoietic cell neurokinin production in pulmonary inflammation,

Althaus FR, (1999) Poly ADP-ribosylation:a DNA break signal mechanism,

Boulares AH, (1999) Role of poly cleavage in apoptosis caspase 3-resistant PARP mutant increases rates of apoptosis in transfected cells,

Boulares AH, (2001) Roles of DNA fragmentation factor and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase in an amplification phase of tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis,

Ding R, (1992) Depletion of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase by antisense RNA expression results in a delay in DNA strand break rejoining,

Jagtap P, (2005) Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and the therapeutic effects of its inhibitors,

Szabo C, (1997) Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose)synthetase attenuates neutrophil recruitment and exerts antiinflammatory effects,

Zingarelli B, (2004) Differential regulation of activator protein-1 and heat shock factor-1 in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1,

Chapman KE, (2005) Cyclic mechanical strain increases reactive oxygen species production in pulmonary epithelial cells,

Abdelkarim GE,, (2001) Protective effects of PJ34 potent inhibitor of poly in in vitro and in vivo models of stroke,

Abdelkarim GE,, (2001) Protective effects of PJ34 potent inhibitor of poly in in vitro and in vivo models of stroke,