급성폐손상과 급성호흡곤란증후군 환자에서 압력조절환기법을 이용한 폐포모집술의 효과와 안정성
The Effect and Safety of Alveolar Recruitment Maneuver using Pressure-Controlled Ventilation in 423Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
박무석 (연세대학교)
김세규 (연세대학교)
장준 (연세대학교)
김성규 (연세대학교)
김영삼 (연세대학교)
박병훈 (연세의대)
신상윤 (연세의대)
전한호 (연세의대)
박선철 (연세의대)
강신명 (연세의대)
한창훈 (연세의대)
김정주 (국민건강보험공단 일산병원)
이선민 (국민건강보험공단 일산병원)
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초록
연구배경: 급성폐손상과 급성호흡곤란증후군 대상자에서 폐포모집술의 적절한 방법에 대해서는 정해진 것이 없다. 이 연구를 통해 폐포모집술들 중 압력조절환기법을 이용한 폐포모집술의 효과와 안정성을 확인하고자 하였다.방 법: 급성폐손상 및 급성호흡곤란증후군에 해당하는 대상자들을 대상으로 압력조절환기 방식에서 30 cmH2O의 흡입압력과 20 cmH2O의 호기말양압으로 2분 동안 폐포모집술을 시행하였다. 동맥혈 산소분압, 정맥혈 산소포화도, 혈압과 맥박, 중심정맥압, 폐탄성, 호기말양압, 흉부 X-ray를 시술 전ㆍ후로 확인하였다.결 과: 16명의 대상자들 중에서, 3명은 폐외 급성폐손상 및 급성호흡곤란증후군 대상자였고 나머지 13명은 폐내 급성폐손상 및 급성호흡곤란증후군 대상자였다. 평균 나이는 61.0±11.8세였고, 평균 APACHE II score는 21.6± 11.9이었으며, SAPS score는 44.6±14이었다. 폐포모집술 시행 전, 평균 호기말양압은 11.3±1.5 mmHg이었으며 평균 동맥혈산소분압/흡입산소분율은 130.3±60.2이었다. 폐포모집술 시행 20분 후, 동맥혈산소분압/흡입산소분율의 비를 측정하여 50% 이상 상승한 경우를 반응군으로 50% 이하로 상승하거나 감소한 경우를 비반응군으로 분류하였다. 8명의 대상자들은 반응군이었고 8명의 대상자들은 비반응군이었다. 두 군간의 인구학적인 특성과 기계호흡의 패턴, APACHE II score, SAPS score, 동맥혈산소분압/흡입산소분율과 혈역동학적 특성 사이에는 차이가 없었다. 폐포모집술 이후, 동맥혈산소분압/흡입산소분율의 비는 상승하였다(p＜0.001). 그 최대치는 폐포모집술 이후 60분에서 관찰되었다. 동맥혈 이산화탄소분압은 상승하는 경향을 보였다(p=0.05). 폐포모집술 전ㆍ후의 평균동맥압의 차이는 없었다(p=0.08). 기흉 등의 압력 손상에 의한 합병증은 없었으며, 단 한 예에서만 혈압 저하로 인해 폐포모집술을 중단하였으나 수액 공급 후 바로 회복되었다.
- keywords
- Recruitment maneuvers, Acute lung injury, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Pressure-controlled ventilation, Recruitment maneuvers, Acute lung injury, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Pressure-controlled ventilation
Abstract
Background: Alveolar recruitment (RM) is one of the primary goals of respiratory care for an acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The purposes of alveolar recruitment are an improvement in pulmonary gas exchange and the protection of atelectrauma. This study examined the effect and safety of the alveolar RM using pressure control ventilation (PCV) in early ALI and ARDS patients. Methods: Sixteen patients with early ALI and ARDS who underwent alveolar RM using PCV were enrolled in this study. The patients' data were recorded at the baseline, and 20 minutes, and 60 minutes after alveolar RM, and on the next day after the maneuver. Alveolar RM was performed with an inspiratory pressure of 30 cmH2O and a PEEP of 20 cmH2O in a 2-minute PCV mode. The venous O2 saturation, central venous pressure, blood pressure, pulse rate, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, PEEP, and chest X-ray findings were obtained before and after alveolar RM. Results: Of the 16 patients, 3 had extra-pulmonary ALI/ARDS and the remaining 13 had pulmonary ALI/ARDS. The mean PEEP was 11.3 mmHg, and the mean PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 130.3 before RM. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio increased by 45% after alveolar RM. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio reached a peak 60 minutes after alveolar RM. The PaCO2 increased by 51.9 mmHg after alveolar RM. The mean blood pressure was not affected by alveolar RM. There were no complications due to pressure injuries such as a pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. Conclusion: In this study, alveolar RM using PCV improved the level of oxygenation in patients with an acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Moreover, there were no significant complications due to hemodynamic changes and pressure injuries. Therefore, alveolar RM using PCV can be applied easily and safely in clinical practice with lung protective strategy in early ALI and ARDS patients. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2007;63:423-429)
- keywords
- Recruitment maneuvers, Acute lung injury, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Pressure-controlled ventilation, Recruitment maneuvers, Acute lung injury, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Pressure-controlled ventilation
참고문헌
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