1. Bishara SE：Textbook of Orthodontics. Saunders 377-8, 2001.

2. Harvold EP：The activator in interceptive orthodontics. Mosby 207-220, 1974.

3. R Frankel, C Frankel：Orofacial Orthopedics with the Function Regulator. Karger 36-40, 1989.

4. Petrovic A, Stutzmann JJ, Oudet C：Control processes in the postnatal growth of the condylar cartilage of the mandible. In McNamara JA：Determinants of Mandibular From and Growth. Monograph 4, Craniofacial Growth Series. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 101-153, 1975.

5. 남동석, 장영일, 백형선, 박영철 역. 최신치과교정학, 제3판. 나래출판사 99-101, 2000.

6. You, ZH, Fishman, LS. Dentoalveolar changes related to mandibular forward growth in untreated ClassⅡ persons. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 120: 598-607, 2001.

7. Lund, DI, Sandler, PJ. The effects of Twin Blocks: a prospective controlled study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 133: 104-110, 1998.

8. Harvold, EP, Vargervik, K. 1971. Morphogenetic response to activator treatment. Am J Orthod, 60: 478-490.

9. Camilla Tulloch, JF, Phillips, C, Koch, G. The effect of early intervention on skeletal pattern in Class II malocclusion: A randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 111: 391-400, 1997.

10. Teuscher, U. A growth-related concept for skeletal ClassⅡ treatment. Am J Orthod, 74: 258-275, 1978.

11. Creekmore, TD, Radney, LJ 1983. Fränkel applaince therapy: Orthopedic or orthodontic? Am J Orthod, 83: 89-108.

12. Marschner JF, Harris J.E. Mandibular growth and ClassⅡ treatment. Angle Orthod, 36: 89-93, 1966.

13. 백형선, 손병화, 박영철, 황충주, 유형석, 최광철, 교정치료 길잡이:Vol II. 최신 임상 교정치료, 대한나래출판사, 61-83, 2004.