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Whether you use a hand file or an engine-driven file, you cannot remove bacteria completely from the root canal by mechanical work alone. If the root canal is well cleaned, endodontic irrigants will well penetrate into these areas that will not be mechanically accessible. It will decompose and remove the biofilm and also remove the smear layer to reach the dentinal tubule. Clinicians who are not yet using NaOCl as their primary irrigant, should be aware that there are no other irrigants that offer all the benefits of NaOCl and are inexpensive. Clinicians may be reluctant to use it because of concern about NaOCl accident, but this possibility is extremely low if used with caution.
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