- P-ISSN 1010-0695
- E-ISSN 2288-3339
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- P-ISSN1010-0695
- E-ISSN2288-3339
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Mixture of Wild Panax Ginseng and Red-Mold Rice Extracts Activates Macrophages through Protection of Cell Regression and Cytokine Expression in Methotrexate-Treated RAW264.7 Cells
Journal of Korean Medicine / Journal of Korean Medicine, (P)1010-0695; (E)2288-3339
2009, v.30 no.6, pp.69-79
(2009). Mixture of Wild Panax Ginseng and Red-Mold Rice Extracts Activates Macrophages through Protection of Cell Regression and Cytokine Expression in Methotrexate-Treated RAW264.7 Cells. Journal of Korean Medicine, 30(6), 69-79.
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Abstract
Objective:In this study, the immunomodulatory activity of a mixture of wild Panax ginseng and red-mold rice extracts (MPR) on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in the presence and absence of methotrexate (MTX), an anti-cancer drug, was investigated. Methods and Results:In the cell viability, MPR showed a significant cell proliferation and inhibited cell regression by red-mold rice (RMR) alone or MTX alone. MPR induced moderate increase in nitric oxide (NO) production. NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression by LPS decreased after MPR treatment. In addition, MPR slightly induced COX-2 mRNA expression, but it did not affect the expression of COX-2 mRNA by LPS treatment. In RT-PCR analyses, MPR induced IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression, but had no effect on IL-10 and TGF-β, regardless of MTX treatment. Furthermore, MPR did not interfere with the cytotoxicity of MTX against MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Conclusions:MPR is efficacious in protecting against MTX-induced cell regression as a result of macrophage activation, resulting in induction of cytokine expression, implying that MPR could be considered an adjuvant in MTX-chemotherapy.
- keywords
- wild Panax Ginseng, red-mold rice, MPR, methotrexate, cytokine, RAW264.7 macrophage cells
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