- P-ISSN 1010-0695
- E-ISSN 2288-3339
- Apply for Authority
- P-ISSN1010-0695
- E-ISSN2288-3339
Article Detail
Home > Article Detail
Effects of topical application of realgar on pruritus and inflammation of atopic dermatitis
Journal of Korean Medicine / Journal of Korean Medicine, (P)1010-0695; (E)2288-3339
2015, v.36 no.1, pp.9-21
&
(2015). Effects of topical application of realgar on pruritus and inflammation of atopic dermatitis. Journal of Korean Medicine, 36(1), 9-21.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
Abstract
Objectives: Realgar has been frequently used for skin disorders in history of herbal medicine. However, the efficacy of realgar has not been examined in atopic dermatitis(AD). In this study, the effects of realgar on AD were investigated, especially on pruritus and inflammation. Methods: AD lesions were induced in the shaved backs of BALB/c mice through repeated application of DNCB. The mice were treated for 11 days with 1% realgar (100 μL/day). Histological changes in skin thickness were observed. The anti-pruritic effects of realgar were evaluated by the change in numbers of scratching behavior of mice and expression of substance P. The expressions of cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 were measured. Also, anti-inflammatory effects of realgar were examined on expressions of NF-κB, phospho-IκBα and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Results: Realgar decreased skin thickness (both dermal and epidermal) 38% and 17% respectively, compared to positive control, DNCB group. The scratching behavior of mice was reduced by 42% and expression of substance P was significantly less. Cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly reduced by 52.6% and 77.6%, respectively. The expressions of NF-κB, phospho-IκBα and MAPKs (phospho-ERK1/2, -p38 and -JNK) were significantly suppressed with marked effects on phospho-ERK1/2. Conclusions: The collective results suggest that realgar shows anti-pruritic and anti-inflammatory effects on AD. And realgar might be a potential therapeutic candidate for treatment of atopic dermatitis.
- keywords
- Realgar, atopic dermatitis, scratching behavior, inflammation, pruritus
Reference
1
1. Bieber T. Atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1483–94.
2
2. Akdis CA, Akdis M, Bieber T, Bindslev-Jensen C, Boguniewicz M, Eigenmann P, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adults: European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology/American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology /PRACTALL Consensus Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;118(1):152-169.
3
3. DaVeiga SP. Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis: a review. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012;33(3): 227-234.
4
4. Ständer S, Luger TA. Itch in atopic dermatitis–pathophysiology and treatment. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2010;18(4):289-296.
5
5. Klein PA, Clark RAF. An Evidence-Based review of the efficacy of antihistamines in relieving pruritus in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol. 1999;135(12):1522-1525.
6
6. Sher L, Chang J, Patel B, Balkrishnan R, Fleischer AB. Relieving the Pruritus of Atopic Dermatitis: A Meta-analysis. Value Health. 2012;15(4):A249-A250.
7
7. Sohn KH, Lee JG, Jee SY. A philological study on demonstration of atopic dermatitis, J East-West Med. 2009;34(4):15-24
8
8. Min DL, Park EJ, Kang KH. Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies on External Application Treatment for Atopic Dermatitis in the Korean Literature. J Pediatr Korean Med. 2013;27(1):36-49.
9
9. Park BK, Chang GT, Kim JH. A study of external treatments for the atopic dermatitis, J Korean Orient Pediatr. 2003;17(1):71-86
10
10. Wu YL, Bonchojongsin. First edition. Seoul : Haeng Lim Publishers Co. 1982:143
11
11. Heo J. Newly translated Donguibogam. Second edition. Seoul:Bubin Publishers Co. 2009:797-810
12
12. Lee KS, Jeong ES, Heo SH, Seo JH, Jeong DG, Choi YK. A Novel Model for Human Atopic Dermatitis: Application of Repeated DNCB Patch in BALB/c Mice, in Comparison with NC/Nga Mice. Lab Anim. 2010;26(1):95-102.
13
13. Kabashima K. New concept of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: Interplay among the barrier, allergy, and pruritus as a trinity, J Invest Dermatol. 2013;70;3-11
14
14. Cork MJ, Danby SG, Vasilopoulos Y, Hadgraft J, Lane ME, Moustafa M, et al. Epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(8):1892-1908.
15
15. Ye YM, Kim BE, Shin YS, Park HS, Leung DYM. Overexpression of Epidermal Filaggrin in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria Correlates with Urticaria Severity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(2):AB56.
16
16. Koblenzer CS. Itching and the atopic skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;104(3):S109-S113.
17
17. Gupta MA, Gupta AK. Depression modulates pruritus perception. A study of pruritus in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;885:394-395.
18
18. Shim WH, Song CH, Park HJ, Kim HS, Chin HW, Kim SH, et al. Clinical characteristics of itch in patients with adult and childhood atopic dermatitis. Korean J Dermatol. 2011;49(4): 318-327
19
19. Park SW, Yan YP, Satriotomo I, Vemuganti R, Dempsey RJ. Substance P is a promoter of adult neural progenitor cell proliferation under normal and ischemic conditions. J. Neurosurg. 2007; 107(3):593-599.
20
20. Donkin JJ, Turner RJ, Hassan I, Vink R. Substance P in traumatic brain injury. Prog Brain Res. 2007;161:97-109.
21
21. Ebner K, Singewald N. The role of substance P in stress and anxiety responses. Amino Acids. 2006;31(3):251-272.
22
22. Yamaoka J, Kawana S. Rapid changes in substance P signaling and neutral endopeptidase induced by skin-scratching stimulation in mice. J Dermatol Sci. 2007;48(2):123-132.
23
23. Hon KLE, Lam MCA, Wong KY, Leung TF, Ng PC. Pathophysiology of Nocturnal Scratching in Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Substance P. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(5):922 -925.
24
24. Toyoda M, Nakamura M, Makino T, Hino T, Kagoura M, Morohashi M. Nerve growth factor and substance P are useful plasma markers of disease activity in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2002;147(1):71-79.
25
25. Mosmann TR, Coffmann RL. Heterogeneity of cytokine secretion patterns and functions of helper T cells. Adv Immunol. 1989;46:111-139.
26
26. Ogawa H, Mukai K, Kawano Y, Minegishi Y, Karasuyama H. Th2-inducing cytokines IL-4 and IL-33 synergistically elicit the expression of transmembrane TNF-α on macrophages through the autocrine action of IL-6. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012;420(1):114-118 .
27
27. Werner S, Krieg T, Smola H. Keratinocyte -fibroblast interactions in wound healing. J Invest Dermatol. 2007;127(5):998-1008.
28
28. Perkins ND. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007;8(1):49-62.
29
29. Bonizzi G, Karin M. The two NF-κB activation pathways and their role in innate and adaptive immunity. Trends Immunol. 2004;25(6):280-288.
30
30. Monaco C, Andreakos E, Kiriakidis S, Mauri C, Bicknell C, Foxwell B, at al. Canonical pathway of nuclear factor kappa B activation selectively regulates proinflammatory and prothrombotic responses in human atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101(15):5634-5639
31
31. Arbabi S, Maier RV. Mitogen-activated protein kinases. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(1):S74-S79.
32
32. Garrington TP, Johnson GL. Organization and regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1999;11(2):211-218.
33
33. Hong ZY, Xiao M, Yang Y, Han ZQ, Cao Y, Li CR, et al. Arsenic disulfide synergizes with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor PI-103 to eradicate acute myeloid leukemia stem cells by inducing differentiation. Carcinogenesis. 2011; 32(10):1550-1558.
34
34. Liu J, Lu Y, Wu Q, Goyer RA, Waalkes MP. Mineral arsenicals in traditional medicines: orpiment, realgar, and arsenolite. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008;326;363-368
35
35. Wester RC, Hui X, Barbadillo S, Maibach HI, Lowney YW, Schoof RA, et al. In Vivo Percutaneous Absorption of Arsenic from Water and CCA-Treated Wood Residue. Toxicol Sci. 2004;79(2):287-295.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations
Other articles from this issue
- Clinical Practice Guideline on Acupuncture for Post-stroke Spasticity
- Effects of topical application of realgar on pruritus and inflammation of atopic dermatitis
- The Effect of Gamisoyo-san Intravenous Pharmacopuncture on Restoration of Liver Function after Partial Hepatectomy in SD Rat
- Herbal-drug-associated Adverse Events Reported in the Internet Newspaper Articles
- Analysis of Herbal-drug-associated Adverse Drug Reactions Using Data from Spontaneous Reporting System in Electronic Medical Records
- Suggestion about Modernized Classification of Herbal Medicinal Preparations in Dual Medical Systems
- The effects of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. on type 2 diabetic rats
- A Case Report on Two Psoriasis Patients with Insomnia
- more
Recommanded Articles
This website recommended the use the Chrome browser for journal website.