2papers in this issue.
This study aims to achieve the following: 1. A review of the current literature will be conducted to explore the literature on the Joseon Dynasty Joséon Trade Strategy. 2. To determine four main trade strategies followed by the dynasty. 3. To examine the social and economic impact and consequences of these strategies in the context of geopolitics. 4. To better understand how these old traditions influenced Korean culture and the development of the Korean economy. By synthesizing a systematic review of the published scholarship, this paper responds to a critical knowledge void concerning the roles of its trade strategies in shaping Joseon Korea. Furthermore, the application of these strategies is analyzed in terms of their impact on the formation of regional relations in East Asia. Being an East Asian one of Confucian culture, Joseon’s trade policies were thoroughly based on ethical, thrifty, and autonomous principles. Such values influenced the dynasty’s decision-making not to allow the interaction with the outside world in its economic ventures to undermine its cultural aroma. Therefore, Joseon protected its internal development from aggressive foreign trade. Thus, it was initially able to maintain its cultural differences, not being influenced by economically more open neighbors, such as Japan and China.
The concept of Renewing God is very important in Korean history and philosophy. There was God of Gaechun (opening heaven) in the beginning of nation and there was God of Gaebyuk (changing heaven) in the origin of modern age. However, this theme has not been paid attention by scholars. Therefore, this study attempted to reveal the significance of this theme through comparing it with representative thought of renewing God in the world. Maitreya in Buddhism, God of revelation, and Demiourgos of Plato are the influential concepts of renewing God. The first two are prophecy and the third is a legend. Unlike these, renewing God of Korea is teaching and history. This is a perspective on history and a principle of explaining reality. This teaching started from Donghak (Eastern learning) and completed at the thought of Jeungsan who said that his teaching was real Donghak. Appearance of Moogeukdaedo (the ultimate big tao) is the one of core of teaching of Jeungsan. When there was a death of God in the western world, there was a birth of God in the eastern land. This subject is very interesting and unexplored. This study, therefore, will be a good starting point to many capable scholars to look into the issue