Purpose: This study analyzes the clinical research findings of Gyejibokryeonghwan (GBH), an herbal formula for treating gynecological diseases in 『Jinguiyaolue』, and aims to verify the clinical evidence regarding its efficacy and safety. Methods: Clinical reports on treating gynecological diseases with GBH were collected from RISS, NAVER, KISS, OASIS, PUBMED, and Science Direct. The compiled literature was assessed by disease and research method, and the primary findings were summarized and considered. Results: Overall, 37 reports were classified by disease: five on uterine leiomyoma; two on polycystic ovary syndrome; two on chronic pelvic peritonitis or unspecified pelvic inflammatory disease; four on endometriosis; nine on primary, secondary, and unexplained dysmenorrhea; 13 on menopause and menopausal status; one on female infertility; and one undetermined. GBH’s therapeutic effect on these diseases was confirmed, and no serious side effects were reported. Furthermore, when GBH is administered with modern medicines for existing gynecological diseases, it enhances treatment efficacy and reduces side effects. Conclusion: GBH is a safe and effective herbal medicine for treating the aforementioned gynecological diseases with minimal side effects.
Purpose: In a prior study, we found that giving licorice and dried ginger decoction (LGD) to mice with activity-based anorexia (ABA) enhanced their behavior by increasing their activity during mealtime and improving their survival rate. This study aims to uncover the detailed mechanism of LGD in treating ABA by examining changes in the central nervous system, systemic blood, hippocampus, and intestinal microbiomes. Methods: The radical scavenging abilities of LGD were assessed using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). Murine hippocampal HT22 cells were treated with H2O2 and LGD, and cell survival rates were analyzed to confirm cell protection efficacy. ABA was induced in mice through food restriction and provision of a wheel, followed by oral administration of LGD. Changes in neurotransmitters, neurotrophins, and molecules involved in neural activity in the brain, hippocampus, and blood serum were analyzed using western blot and quantitative analysis tools. Intestinal microbiome diversity was assessed using Ezbiocloud, MTP, and LefSe. Results: LGD demonstrated concentration-dependent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities and protective effects against oxidative stress in HT22 cells. In ABA mice, LGD increased dopamine levels in brain tissue and blood and elevated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus. ABA reduced intestinal microbiome diversity, but LGD restored this diversity, particularly increasing Akkermansia, Prevotella, and Muribaculum strains. Conclusion: LGD improved dopamine and BDNF levels and restored intestinal microbial balance in mice with ABA.
Purpose: This case study analyzed the cases of three patients who visited two Korean medical clinics to treat carpal tunnel syndrome, essential tremor, and eczema. Through this, we tried to advance the interpretation of Provision 159 of Shanghanlun. Methods: We analyzed how Jeokseokjiwooyeolyang-tang was taken in three cases and whether objective improvement occurred. Afterwards, we confirmed how the ‘利’ of Provision 159 was clinically expressed in the three cases and examined the correlation with the interpretation of ancient chinese. Results: The total duration of herbal medicine intake by case was 90 days for <Case 1> carpal tunnel syndrome patient, 150 days for <Case 2> essential tremor patient, and 240 days for <Case 3> eczema patient. All three patients showed improvement in their symptoms, did not show any side effects. The ‘利’ in Provision 159 is analyzed as symptoms such as increased frequency or amount of urination and abnormal uterine bleeding. These symptoms or situations are well compatible with the usage of Korean medicine. Conclusion: When prescribing Jeokseokjiwooyeolyang-tang in Provision 159, we need to consider situations such as abnormal diarrhea, increased frequency or amount of urination, and uterine bleeding.
Purpose: The purpose of this case study is to report the effect of Mahwang-tang (MHT) on fibromyalgia based on Shanghanlun Provisions. Methods: According to diagnostic system based on Shanghanlun provisions, the patient was diagnosed with Taeyang-byung and treated by MHT. The result of administrations were evaluated by Numeral Rating Scale (NRS), Widespread Pain Index (WPI), Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) score and change of clinical symptoms. Results: After administration of MHT for 70 days, NRS improved from 8 to 3, SSS improver 8 to 4, WPI 13 to 12. In provision 35, ‘風’ means a nervous system disease that moves around the entire body as if sailing and ‘通’ does not mean simple pain, but pain that contains anxiety. No serious treatment-related adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This study shows the effective treatment of fibromyalgia using MHT based on Shanghanlun provisions.
Purpose: This case study was conducted to advance the interpretation of the 34 provision of Shanghanlun by retrospectively examining the results of prescribing Galgeunhwangryeonhwanggeum-tang to a patients with trunk folliculitis. Methods: The therapeutic effect of Galgeunhwangryeonhwanggeum-tang on folliculitis was evaluated based on skin findings and patient statements. In addition, the clinical manifestations of ‘喘而汗出’ and ‘利遂不止’ in Provision 34 were confirmed. Results: The patient took Galgeunhwangryeonhwanggeum-tang for a total of 45 days, and the folliculitis findings on the skin were clearly improved. The skin did not worsen even when performing tasks that made him short of breath and sweaty. In addition, shortness of breath and excessive sweating improved along with the main symptoms. Conclusion: .Galgeunhwangryeonhwanggeum-tang showed a therapeutic effect on the trunk folliculitis of this case patient. ‘喘而汗出’ and ‘利遂不止’ in Provision 34 mean that shortness of breath, excessive sweating, and hyperactivity due to hasty personality are decisive aggravating factors for the patient.
Objective:Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is caused by a variety of causes. We present the case of a 64-year-old womon with BMS managed using the herbal medicine Oryeong-san. Methods:A 64-year-old woman had BMS after chemotherapy for breast cancer 8 years ago. Oryeong-san was administered to this patient based on disease pattern identification diagnostic system by Shanghanlun provisions (DPIDS). We used Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to evaluate the effectiveness of the Oryeong-san for BMS. Results:According to DPIDS, the patient was diagnosed with provision 74. After administration of Oryeong-san for 30days, the BMS and Numbness based on NRS were improved. Conclusions:Oryeong-san were effective to the patient BMS diagnosed according to Shanghanlun provision 74.
Purpose: We report the case of a 12-year-old female patient who visited a Korean medicine clinic to treat functional dyspepsia. In addition, we aim to contribute to the accumulation of clinical cases of Gamchosasim-tang in the Shanghanlun. Method: We analyzed whether Gamchosasim-tang contributed to the improvement of functional dyspepsia. In addition, we examined how the clinical expression of ‘痞’ was revealed in the case. Results: The total period of herbal medication was 90 days. During this period, the patient’s chief complaints including nausea before sleep, epigastric discomfort, loss of appetite, and sleep difficulties have improved. Meanwhile side effects were not observed. ‘痞’ was manifested in this patient’s behavior of refusing food such as eating small meals and picky eating. Conclusion: In this case, Gamchosasim-tang contributed to the improvement of functional dyspepsia. When prescribing Gamchosasim-tang in Provision 158 of Shanghanlun, it is advisable to consider whether there is a behavior of refusing food, such as eating small meals and picky eating.
Purpose: This case report discusses an 86-year-old female patient who visited a Korean medicine clinic due to insomnia disorder. It aims to provide clinical insights on the therapeutic application of Geijigadaehwang-tang, as described in the Shanghanlun. Methods: The therapeutic effect of Geijigadaehwang-tang was evaluated by the visual analogue scale and the patient's statement. The correlation between Provision 279 '爾' and this case was examined. Results: The patient was treated with Geijigadaehwang-tang over two periods (45 days + 15 days) totaling 60 days. During this treatment, her insomnia symptoms improved, including increased total sleep time, reduced awakenings, and a decrease in nonrestorative sleep. Additionally, the frequency of nocturia was significantly reduced. No notable side effects were reported during the treatment period. The ‘爾’ of Provision 279 in the Shanghanlun was interpreted in this case as being associated with strained interpersonal relationships, which appeared to influence and exacerbate neuropsychiatric symptoms. Conclusion: Geijigadaehwang-tang proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of insomnia disorder in this case.
Objective : The purpose of this paper is to report the improvement of a patient with folliculitis treated by herb medication based on Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system. Methods : According to ‘Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System based on Shanghanlun Provisions’, the patient was diagnosed with Soeum-byung number 318 provision, and took Hoeyeok-san herb medication for 30days. The result of administration was evaluated by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and skin findings. Results : After administration of Hoeyeok-san 30 days, based on 318 provision of Hoeyeok-san diagnosed according to Shanghanlun provisions, NRS about erythma decreased from 10 to 3, NRS about papules decreased from 10 to 1 and NRS about pustules decreased from 10 to 1. Conclusions : Taking herbal medicine improved skin findings. This case report suggests that the word ‘咳’, ‘悸’ on the 318 provision of Shanghanlun need to be checked during diagnosis as they can act as a trigger for folliculitis.