Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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- P-ISSN2234-7550
- E-ISSN2234-5930
- SCOPUS, KCI, ESCI
ISSN : 2234-7550
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e-SubmissionVol.44 No.2
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are diseases that affect the temporomandibular joint and supporting structures. The goal of treatment for TMDsis elimination or reduction of pain and return to normal temporomandibular joint function. Initial treatment for TMDs is non-invasive and conservative,not surgical. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons should fully understand and actively care about non-invasive treatments for TMDs. The purpose of thisstudy is to review the validity and outcomes of non-invasive and surgical treatment modalities for TMDs.
Abstract
Dry socket, also termed fibrinolytic osteitis or alveolar osteitis, is a complication of tooth exodontia. A dry socket lesion is a post-extraction socket thatexhibits exposed bone that is not covered by a blood clot or healing epithelium and exists inside or around the perimeter of the socket or alveolus fordays after the extraction procedure. This article describes dry socket lesions; reviews the basic clinical techniques of treating different manifestations ofdry socket lesions; and shows how microscope level loupe magnification of 6× to 8× or greater, combined with co-axial illumination or a dental operatingmicroscope, facilitate more precise treatment of dry socket lesions. The author examines the scientific validity of the proposed causes of dry socketlesions (such as bacteria, inflammation, fibrinolysis, or traumatic extractions) and the scientific validity of different terminologies used to describe drysocket lesions. This article also presents an alternative model of what causes dry socket lesions, based on evidence from dental literature. Although theclinical techniques for treating dry socket lesions seem empirically correct, more evidence is required to determine the causes of dry socket lesions.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to optimize the thread depth and pitch of a recently designed dental implant to provide uniform stress distribution bymeans of a response surface optimization method available in finite element (FE) software. The sensitivity of simulation to different mechanical parameterswas also evaluated. Materials and Methods: A three-dimensional model of a tapered dental implant with micro-threads in the upper area and V-shaped threads in therest of the body was modeled and analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA). An axial load of 100 N was applied to the top of the implants. Themodel was optimized for thread depth and pitch to determine the optimal stress distribution. In this analysis, micro-threads had 0.25 to 0.3 mm depthand 0.27 to 0.33 mm pitch, and V-shaped threads had 0.405 to 0.495 mm depth and 0.66 to 0.8 mm pitch. Results: The optimized depth and pitch were 0.307 and 0.286 mm for micro-threads and 0.405 and 0.808 mm for V-shaped threads, respectively. Inthis design, the most effective parameters on stress distribution were the depth and pitch of the micro-threads based on sensitivity analysis results. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the optimal implant design has micro-threads with 0.307 and 0.286 mm depth and pitch, respectively,in the upper area and V-shaped threads with 0.405 and 0.808 mm depth and pitch in the rest of the body. These results indicate that micro-thread parametershave a greater effect on stress and strain values.
Abstract
Objectives: Desmoplastic melanoma of the oral cavity is an extremely rare condition that is often confused on initial diagnosis with non-melanoticbenign lesion or spindle cell tumors. The purpose of this article was to raise awareness of the disease using a literature review. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 19 desmoplastic melanoma cases reported in the literature and added our experience. Data on clinical, histopathology,treatment, and survival were retrieved and analyzed. Survival analysis was by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Initial clinical and histopathological features were indistinctive, and a definite diagnosis of desmoplastic melanoma at initial assessment waspossible in only 23.5% of cases. Among tests, immunohistochemical studies for S-100 and vimentin were all positive. The 5-year disease-free survivalrate for oral desmoplastic melanoma was 0%, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 55.0%. Conclusion: Oral desmoplastic melanoma has a high percentage of initial misdiagnosis and propensity for local recurrence. Thus, careful initial diagnosisand adequate surgery may result in improved overall survival.
Abstract
Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the rates of complications, morbidity, and safety with the transparotid approach. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted and consisted of 53 surgically treated patients in the past five years for low condylarneck and subcondylar fractures. Only patients with malocclusion and who underwent open reduction with internal fixation with the retromandibulartransparotid approach were included. The examined parameters were postoperative suboptimal occlusion, deflection, saliva fistula, and facial nerveweakness. Results: Fifty-three patients had an open reduction with internal fixation on 55 sides (41 males, 77.4%; mean age, 42 years [range, 18-72 years]). Fourpatients (7.5%) experienced transient facial nerve weakness of the marginal mandibular branch, but none was permanent. Four patients had a salivaryfistula, and 5 patients showed postoperative malocclusion, where one needed repeat surgery after one year. One patient showed long-term deflection. No other complications were observed. Conclusion: The retromandibular transparotid approach is a safe procedure for open reduction and internal fixation of low condylar neck and subcondylarfractures, and it has minimal complications.
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of herbal extracts on bone regeneration. Two known samples were screened. Materials and Methods: We previously established a rat calvaria defect model using a combination of collagen scaffold and herbal extracts. An 8mm diameter trephine bur with a low-speed dental hand piece was used to create a circular calvaria defect. The experimental group was divided into4 classifications: control, collagen matrix, Danshen with collagen, and Ge Gan with collagen. Animals in each group were sacrificed at 4, 6, 8, and 10weeks after surgery, and bone regeneration ability was evaluated by histological examination. Results: Results revealed that both Danshen and Ge Gan extracts increased bone formation activity when used with collagen matrix. All groupsshowed almost the same histological findings until 6 weeks. However, after 6 weeks, bone formation activity proceeded differently in each group. Inthe experimental groups, new bone formation activity was found continuously up to 10 weeks. In the Danshen and Ge Gan groups, grafted materialswere still present until 10 weeks after treatment, as evidenced by foreign body reactions showing multinucleated giant cells in chronic inflammatoryvascular connective tissue. Conclusion: Histological analyses showed that Danshen and Ge Gan extractions increased bone formation activity when used in conjunction withcollagen matrix.
Abstract
About one-third of patients with transsphenoidal basal encephaloceles have associated congenital anomalies, including cleft palate. Moreover, they areoften plagued by symptomatic exacerbations in the form of upper respiratory obstructions, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, meningitis, etc., with few patientsbeing asymptomatic. We herein present a rare asymptomatic case of transsphenoidal basal encephalocele in an 18-month-old child with cleft palate andhighlight a modified version of two-flap palatoplasty.