Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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- P-ISSN2234-7550
- E-ISSN2234-5930
- SCOPUS, KCI, ESCI
ISSN : 2234-7550
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e-SubmissionVol.41 No.6
Abstract
Objectives: Infection involving the orbit, zygomatic space, lateral pharyngeal space, or hemifacial and oral floorphlegmon is referred to as cervicofa-cial infection (CFI). When diagnosis and/or adequate treatment are delayed, these infections can be life-threatening. Most cases are the result of odon-togenic infections. We highlight our experiences in the management of this life-threatening condition.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients who presented with CFI from December 2005 to June 2012 at the Oral and Max-illofacial Surgery Clinic or the Accident and Emergency Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (Zaria, Nigeria). The medical records of all patients who presented with either localized or diffuse infection of the maxillofacial soft tissue spaces were retrospectively collected. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 13.0 and are expressed as descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Of the 77 patients, 49 patients (63.6%) were males, a male to female ratio of 1:7.5. The ages ranged from two years to 75 years with a mean of 35.0±19.3 years, although most patients were older than 40 years. The duration of symptoms prior to presentation ranged from 6 to 60 days, with a mean of 11.0±9.4 days. More than 90% of the patients presented to the clinic within the first10 days. The most commonly involved anatomical space was the submandibular space (n=29, 37.7%), followed by hemifacial space (n=22, 28.6%) and buccal space (n=7, 9.1%). Ludwig angina accounted for about 7.8% of the cases.Conclusion: CFI most commonly involves the submandibular space, typically affects individuals with a low level of education, and is influencedby traditional medical practices. Despite improved health care delivery, CFI remains a significant problem in developing countries
Abstract
Objectives: This article describes our experience with neck dissection in 10 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Between January 2007 and October 2009, 10 patients underwent primary surgery for the treatment of squamous cell carci-noma of the oral cavity. For patients with N0 disease on clinical exam, selective neck dissection (SND [I-III]) was performed. In patients with palpable cervical metastases (N+), modifiedradical neck dissections were performed, except in one patient in whom SND (I-III) was performed. The histopath-ologic reports were reviewed to assess the surgical margins, the presence of extra-capsular spread, perineural invasion, and lymphatic invasion.Results: On histopathologic examination, positive soft tissue margins were found in three patients, and regional lymph node metastases were present in fiveof the ten patients. Perineural invasion was noted in fivepatients, and extra nodal spread was found in four patients. Regional recurrence was seen in two patients and loco-regional recurrence plus distant metastasis to the tibia was observed in one patient. During the study period, three patients died. Seven patients remain free of disease to date.Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation provides important and reliable information for disease staging, treatment planning, and prognosis. The philosophy of neck dissection is evolving rapidly with regard to the selectivity with which at-risk lymph node groups are removed. The sample size in the present study is small, thus, caution should be employed when interpreting these results.
Abstract
Objectives: The facial bones are the most noticeable area in the human body, and facial injuries can cause significantfunctional, aesthetic, and psy-chological complications. Continuous study of the patterns of facial bone fractures and changes in trends is helpful in the prevention and treatment of maxillofacial fractures. The purpose of the current clinico-statistical study is to investigate the pattern of facial fractures over a 4-year period.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1,824 fracture sites was carried out in 1,284 patients admitted to SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center for facial bone fracture from January 2010 to December 2013. We evaluated the distributions of age/gender/season, fracture site, cause of injury, duration from injury to treatment, hospitalization period, and postoperative complications.Results: The ratio of men to women was 3.2:1. Most fractures occurred in individuals aged between teens to 40s and were most prevalent at the middle and end of the month. Fractures occurred in the nasal bone (65.0%), orbital wall (29.2%), maxillary wall (15.3%), zygomatic arch (13.2%), zy-gomaticomaxillary complex (9.8%), mandibular symphysis (6.5%), mandibular angle (5.9%), mandibular condyle (4.9%), and mandibular body (1.9%). The most common etiologies were fall (32.5%) and assault (26.0%). The average duration of injury to treatment was 6 days, and the average hospital-ization period was 5 days. Eighteen postoperative complications were observed in 17 patients, mainly infection and malocclusion in the mandible.Conclusion: This study reflectsthe tendency for trauma in the Seoul metropolitan region because it analyzes all facial fracture patients who visited our hospital regardless of the specific department. Distinctivey, in this study, midfacial fractures had a much higher incidence than mandible fractures.
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate five-year radiographic follow-up results of the Korean sandblasting with large grit, and acid etch-ing (SLA)-treated implant system.Materials and Methods: The subjects of the study are 54 patients who have been followed-up to date, of the patients who underwent implant sur-gery from May 1, 2009 to April 30, 2011. In all, 176 implant placements were performed. Radiographs were taken before the first surgery, immediately after the first and second surgeries, immediately and six months after the final prosthesis installation, and every year after that. Bone loss was evaluated by the method suggested by Romanos and Nentwig. Results: A total of 176 implant placements were performed—122 in men and 54 in women. These patients have been followed-up for an average of 4.9 years. In terms of prosthetic appliances, there were 156 bridges and 20 single prostheses. Nine implants installed in the maxillary molar area, three in the mandibular molar area and two in the maxillary premolar area were included in group M, with bone loss less than 2 mm at the crestal aspect of the implant. Of these, eight implants were single prostheses. In all, six implants failed—four in the mandible and two in the maxilla. All of these failures occurred in single-implant cases. The implant survival rate was 98.1% on the maxilla and 94.3% on the mandible, with an overall survival of 96.6%.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, implants with the SLA surface have a very superior survival rate in relatively poor bone environ-ments such as the maxilla.
Abstract
Vascular malformations are the most common congenital and neonatal vascular anomalies in the head and neck region. The demand for simple and es-thetic vascular malformation treatments have increased more recently. In this study, two patients that were diagnosed with venous malformations were treated with sodium tetradecyl sulfate as a sclerosing agent. Recurrence was not found one year after the surgery. This article gives a brief case report of sclerotherapy as an effective approach to treat vascular malformations in the oral cavity.
Abstract
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) occurs mainly in female patients. In males the occurrence rate is low, which seems to be related to the low incidence of osteoporosis in men. Unfortunately, BRONJ tends to be ignored in general dental clinics in male patients with a history of osteoporosis treatment. BRONJ occurred in a male patient due to the clinician’s lack of interest in the patient’s history. In this case, the male patient was on bisphosphonate therapy because of a orchiectomy, and a dental treatment was performed without consideration of his medical history, resulting in BRONJ. We performed careful examinations and treatment with antibiotics and surgical operations. The postoperative healing was successful. In light of this particular case, we concluded that careful listening to the patient’s history is very important.
Abstract
Dental infections and maxillary sinusitis are the main causes of osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis can occur in all age groups, and is more frequently found in the lower jaw than in the upper jaw. Systemic conditions that can alter the patient’s resistance to infection including diabetes mellitus, anemia, and autoimmune disorders are predisposing factors for osteomyelitis. We report a case of uncommon broad maxillary osteonecrosis precipitated by uncon-trolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic maxillary sinusitis in a female patient in her seventies with no history of bisphosphonate or radiation treat-ment.
Abstract
Necrotizing sialometaplasia usually heals within 4 to 10 weeks with conservative treatment, and rarely recurs. When necrotizing sialometaplasia is present on the hard palate it may occur unilaterally or bilaterally. In this case, necrotizing ulceration occurred on the left hard palate of a 36-year-old woman after root canal treatment of the upper left firstpremolar under local anesthesia. After only saline irrigation the defect of the lesion completely healed and filledwith soft tissue. After 5 months, however, a similar focal necrosis was found on the contralateral hard palate without any dental treat-ment having been performed on that side and progressed in similar fashion as the former lesion. We conducted an incisional biopsy and obtained a finalpathological diagnosis for the palatal mass of necrotizing sialometaplasia. At the 3-year follow-up, the patient’s oral mucosa of the hard palate was nor-mal, without any signs and symptoms of the condition. We report a case of a second occurrence of necrotizing sialometaplasia on the contralateral side from the first, with a time lapse between the first and second currence.
Abstract
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare, benign odontogenic tumor that predominantly appears in the second decade of life in female patients. Most AOTs occur in the anterior part of the maxilla and are usually associated with impacted anterior teeth. There are three types of AOT, follicular, extrafollicular, and peripheral, which are classifiedbased on the location of the lesion and its association with the impacted tooth. We report a rare case of AOT associated with an impacted right mandibular lateral incisor in an 11-year-old female patient.
Abstract
Angiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis and complete resection of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The absence of residual AVM after surgery is commonly believed to reduce the risk of future hemorrhage. However, AVMs can recur after proven complete angiographic resection can occur, albeit rarely, especially in the pediatric population. We report a rare case of a recurrent AVM two years after complete resection in an adult patient. This case report shows that AVMs in adults can recur despite their rarity and despite postoperative angiography confirmingcomplete removal. Moreover, in this case, the recurrent AVM involved a new feeding vessel that was not involved with the initial lesion.
Abstract
Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare, benign neoplasm that most frequently arises in the parotid gland. We treated a 54-year-old female patient with BCA that had developed in the deep portion of the left parotid gland. The patient presented with gradual facial swelling with no other symptoms. We performed a total parotidectomy to excise the mass, but we preserved the facial nerve. Histopathology revealed a well-encapsulated mass. The tumor was composed of islands of comparatively uniform, small, dark, basaloid epithelial cells in the stroma. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies concluded that the BCA tumors were mostly trabecular. Postoperatively, there was no facial nerve weakness, and the tumor did not recur during the 24-month follow-up period.
Abstract
Herpes zoster virus (HZV) infections are caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus. Reactivation symptoms commonly affect the thoracolum-bar trunk, and rarely affect the mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve. When the mandibular branches are involved, lesions appear proximal to the innervation area. This condition may be associated with exfoliation of the teeth and osteonecrosis of the jawbone. We report a case of mandibular osteomyelitis after herpes zoster infection and we present a review of the literature on mandibular-branch involvement of HZV-related osteonecrosis.