The Review of Korean Studies
- P-ISSN1229-0076
- E-ISSN2773-9351
- SCOPUS, ESCI
ISSN : 1229-0076
Korea and the Philippines: A Comparative Study of Political Leadership in Development
Abstract
This study seeks to look into the role of political leadership in development in South Korea and the Philippines. The central question revolves around what are the major points of convergence and divergence of leadership in these two countries. Moreover, the focus will be on leadership in democratic settings. This study will build on previous comparative studies on political leadership in South Korea and the Philippines, most of which have been focused on the dictators Park Chung Hee and Ferdinand Marcos. After the Park and Marcos experience, both South Korea and the Philippines experienced democratization. It is in this context that this comparative study is situated. It aims to continue the comparison and see if the conclusions made before still persist today. To what extent does leadership still play an invaluable role in shaping the development of these countries? This study then focuses on the political nature, mechanics and concrete outcomes of leadership in two different political systems.
- keywords
- political leadership, democratization, democratic deficit, authoritarian advantage
Reference
Acemoglu, Daron, and James Robinson. “Marcos versus Park.” Last modified January 2, 2013. http://whynationsfail.com/blog/2013/1/2/marcos-versus-park.html.
Ahn, Chung-Si. 2000. “Korean Democracy under Kim Dae Jung: A Stalled Progression?” Journal of Korean Politics 10: 457-78.
Cabuenas, Jon Viktor. 2016. “No Inclusive Growth under PNoy Admin, Says Foreign Biz Group.” GMA News Online, March 1.
Cha, Victor. 1993. “Politics and Democracy under the Kim Young Sam Government: Something Old Something New.” Asian Survey 33 (9): 849-63.
Chu, Yun-Peng. 2015. “Excessive Credits and the ‘Lost Decades’ in Growth Performance.” In Lost Decades in Growth Performance: Causes and Case Studies, edited by Yun-Peng Chu, 1-19. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Coronel, Sheila. “Cory Aquino and Democracy in the Philippines.” Last modified August 15, 2009. https://www.opendemocracy.net/article/cory-aquino-and-democracy-in-the-philip ines.
Cupin, Bea. 2016. “What’s not Working for Mar Roxas?” Rappler, February 9.
de Ver, Heather Lyne. 2008. “Leadership, Politics and Development: A Literature Survey.” Background Paper, Developmental Leadership Program.
Easterly, William. 2011. “Benevolent Autocrats.” DRI Working Paper No. 75, New York University Development Research Institute. https://18798-presscdn-pagely.netdna-ssl.com/dri/wp-content/uploads/sites/2459/2015/08/BenevolentAutocrats.pdf.
Easterly, William, and Steven Pennings. 2016. “Shrinking Dictators: How Much Economic Growth Can We Attribute to National Leaders?” DRI Working Paper No. 94, New York University Development Research Institute. http://www.nyudri.org/research-index/2016/shrinkingdictators.
Errington, Wayne. 2004. “Kim Dae-Jung and the Consolidation of Democracy in South Korea.” Refereed paper presented to the Australasian Political Studies Association Conference, University of Adelaide.
Flake, L. Gordon. 2008. “The Rise, Fall and Transformation of the ‘386’: Generational Change in Korea.” In Emerging Leaders in East Asia: The Next Generation of Political Leadership in China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, edited by J. Patrick Boyd, L. Gordon Flake, Cheng Li, Kenneth B. Pyle, Shelley Rigger, and Richard J. Samuels, 99-122. Washington, DC: National Bureau of Asian Research.
Hahm, Chaibong, and Sang-Young Rhyu. 1999. “Democratic Reform and Consolidation in South Korea: The Promise of Democracy.” In Democratization and Globalization in Korea: Assessments and Prospects, edited by Chung-in Moon and Jongryn Mo. Seoul: Yonsei University Press.
Hamlin, Michael Alan. 2009. “Corazon Aquino’s Legacy.” The Washington Times, August 9.
Hapal, Don Kevin. 2016. “Worse than Death: Torture Methods during Martial Law.” Rappler, February 23.
Heo, Uk, Houngcheul Jeon, Hayam Kim, and Okjin Kim. 2008. “The Political Economy of South Korea: Economic Growth, Democratization, and Financial Crisis.” Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies 2008 (2): 1-24.
Hutchcroft, Paul. 2011. “Reflections on a Reverse Image: South Korea under Park Chung Hee and the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos.” In The Park Chung Hee Era: The Transformation of South Korea, edited by Ezra Vogel and Byung-Kook Kim, 542-72. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Jaung, Hoon. 2002. “Politics, Economy, and Dynamics of Presidential Popularity in the Kim Dae Jung Government in South Korea.” Journal of East Asian Studies 2 (1): 241-59.
Jones, Benjamin, and Benjamin Olken. 2005. “Do Leaders Matter? National Leadership and Growth Since World War II.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 120 (3): 835-64.
Jonsson, Gabriel. 2014. Consolidation of Democracy in South Korea? Stockholm: Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis.
Karnow, Stanley. 1990. “Cory Aquino’s Downhill Slide.” The New York Times, August 19.
Kelsall, Tim. 2014. “Authoritarianism, Democracy and Development.” State of the Art Paper 03, University of Birmingham: Developmental Leadership Program.
Kihl, Young Whan. 2005. “The Past as Prologue: President Kim Dae Jung’s Legacy and President Roh Moo-Hyun’s Policy Issues and Future Challanges.” In A Turning Point: Democratic Consolidation in the ROK and Strategic Readjustment in the US-ROK Alliance, edited by Alexandre Y. Mansourov, 158-82. Honolulu, Hawaii: Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies.
Kim, Choong Nam. 2007a. “Leadership for Nation Building: The Case of Korean Presidents.” International Journal of Korean Studies 11 (1): 113-43.
Kim, Choong Nam. 2007b. The Korean Presidents: Leadership for Nationbuilding. Norwalk, CT: Eastbridge Books.
Kim, Hee-Min. 1994. “A Theory of Government-Driven Democratization: The Case of Korea.” World Affairs 156 (3): 130-40.
Kim, Sunhyuk. 2000. “Civic Mobilization for Democratic Reform.” In Institutional Reform and Democratic Consolidation in Korea, edited by Larry Diamond and Doh Chull Shin, 279-303. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press.
Kristof, Nicholas. 1997. “Seoul’s Heroic Failure—Departing Chief, Kim Young Sam.” The New York Times, December 22.
Lee, Nae Young. 2003. “The ‘Legacy Problem’ and Democratic Consolidation in South Korea and the Philippines.” Journal of East Asian Studies 3 (1): 43-73.
Leem, Kyung Hoon. 2001. “Back to the Future: The Politics of Economic Reform under the Kim Dae Jung Presidency.” Journal of East Asian Studies 1 (1): 53-90.
Mendoza, Ronald. 2016. “Ferdinand Marcos’ Economic Disaster.” Rappler, February 26.
Ohno, Kenichi. 2006. “Leadership, Political Regime, and Economic Development.” Kenichi Ohno Archives. Accessed April 12, 2016. http://www.grips.ac.jp/forum/pdf07/07FebUK/attach3.pdf.
Parreño, Earl. 2015. “Aquino Govt. far behind in Anti-corruption Drive.” The Manila Times, August 19.
Sabillo, Kristine Angeli. 2015. “Aquino Leadership Marked by Ineptitude, Incompetence, Says Analyst.” INQUIRER.net, March 20.
Scofield, David. 2004. “Behind the Crisis in South Korea’s Economy.” Asia Times Online, July 20.
Sicat, Gerardo. 2011. “The Transition after a Revolution (Part II): Cory Aquino and the Transition from Marcos.” The Philippine Star, March 2.
Sicat, Gerardo. 2016. “Shortcomings and Gaps: Philippine Economy and Aquino Presidency, 2010-2016.” Per SE, January 13.
Thompson, Mark. 1996. The Anti-Marcos Struggle: Personalistic Rule and Democratic Transition in the Philippines. Quezon City: New Day Publishers.
Torres-Tupas, Tetch. 2013. “CNN, BBC, int’l Media Slam Aquino for ‘Disorganized’ Yolanda aid Response.” INQUIRER.net, November 13.
Velasco, Renato. 1997. “Philippine Democracy: Promise and Performance.” In Democratization in East and Southeast Asia, edited by Anek Laothamatas, 77-112. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Watanabe, Toshio. 1998. “Designing Asia for the Next century.” In Japanese Views on Economic Development: Diverse Paths to the Market, edited by Kenichi Ohno and Izumi Ohno. London: Routledge.
Yoon, Sanghyun. 1996. “South Korea’s Kim Young Sam Government: Political Agendas.” Asian Survey 36 (5): 511-23.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations