Recently, Korea is experiencing a rapid increase in single-person households. In particular, like men, the number of single female households is also increasing very rapidly. According to the routine activity theory, single-person households are suitable targets for crime because their ability to defend against crime is reduced. Currently, in Korea, with the increase in single-person (female) households, the number of appropriate crime targets among the three elements of crime continues to increase, and assuming that a motivated criminal always exists, the condition of absence of guardian (single female) If the situation without adequate protection for households is added, crime against single-person (female) households is likely to increase. For this reason, various local governments in Korea are currently implementing crime prevention programs for single-person (female) households. However, proper evaluation of them has not been carried out. In contrast, in other Anglo-American countries, evaluations of various situational crime prevention programs for home invasion crimes have been conducted, and various policies are being implemented based on this scientific evidence. This study raises the need to introduce an effective single-person household crime prevention policy through scientific evaluation of various crime prevention programs in Korea.
Major criminological theories explaining neighborhood-level crime differences consistently point out that residents’ activities are a key factor in crime prevention. In addition, prior research suggests two conditions that can lead to successful residents’ participation in crime prevention activities. First, residents’ active participation should be guaranteed. Second, crime prevention should be an incidental purpose of the residents’ community. Meanwhile, the current neighborhood watch programs have the following limitations. First, the activities have focused disproportionately on the patrol to cope with the street crime. This type of activities have limitations to properly cope with new types of crime. Second, there has been a lack of effective activities by staying in the position of an assistant to the police. Third, the participation of residents are decreasing. To solve these problems, social media-based resident-participating crime prevention activities need to be considered. The social media-based activities have the following characteristics. First, local problems are solved with collective intelligence. Second, they promotes surveillance through real-time communication between multiple and multiple people. Third, voluntary activities are carried out following the prior posting and the comments about an event. Fourth, there is a possible side effect that those activities can increase the fear of crime and the distrust among residents. The municipal police needs to seek an appropriate model for crime prevention activities involving residents in consideration of the characteristics of social media. First of all, it is necessary to provide guidelines so that residents can conveniently create a new activity group. Also, nudge-type intervention can be considred, such as providing information on new crimes and inducing discussions on local pending issues. Finally, it is necessary to work with existing residents communities that pursue other purposes.
The study is an analysis of the effectiveness of crime prevention and safety projects. An analysis was conducted on the impact of Daegu City's 'Single Household Safety Environment Creation Project' on the safety awareness and fear of crime among local residents, as well as its influence on the formation of community cohesion and expansion of territoriality among local residents. For this purpose, a survey was conducted targeting 200 local residents residing in the project's target area. The key findings are as follows: The first finding indicates that after the implementation of the safety environment creation project, local residents' safety awareness increased, and their fear of crime decreased. However, the second finding suggests that there were no significant changes observed in community cohesion and empowerment among local residents. While the applied safety environment creation project showed positive effects on residents' sense of safety and reduction of crime fear, it had limited impact on fostering community cohesion and participation. Based on these results, suggestions were made regarding the future direction of safety projects.
The police's investigation announcement is mainly related to the facts of the suspect, which is prohibited in principle in Article 126 of the Criminal Act, but in reality, it has been made under the provisions of the Police Investigation Publication Rule on the grounds of the harmonious relationship between the guarantee of the people's right to know and the protection of the suspect's human rights. However, the purpose of this study is to explore institutional improvement measures by looking at how the police and the media actually lead to criminal reporting in relation to criminal cases. The FGI survey method was used as a research method. It is a research method that has the advantage of systematically organizing information on dynamic relationships between stakeholders or expert groups in the field. In this study, three police officers, five police administration and law professors, and three police reporters were interviewed in groups to collect qualitative data on system improvement based on the experiences and perceptions of investigative agency members and officials. As a result of the study, under excessive competition in the media for the right to know, police officers are calling for clarity of the concept and scope because there are many ambiguous aspects in which the criteria for disclosing the suspect are not clear. It was suggested that it is necessary to improve the media response window and limit individual contact with media reporters and investigators.