ISSN : 0376-4672
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the dental radiography status and radiation risk of children and adolescents for 5 years in Yonsei University Dental Hospital. Materials and Methods: The dental radiography database of individuals under the age of 18 years was provided by the electronic medical records (EMR) from Yonsei University Dental Hospital from 2015 to 2019. The type of dental radiography included pan oramic radiography, periapical radiography, bitewing radiography, cephalometric radiography, cone-beam computed tomography and computed tomography. The number of dental radiographies and the effective dose per person was investigated. Results: For 5 years, panoramic and periapical radiography were taken the most. Panoramic radiography, periapical radiography, bitewing radiography, cephalometric radiography, cone-beam computed tomography and computed tomography were taken the most at the age of 5 – 7 years, 4 years, 18 years, 18 years, 18, 7 years and 10, 11 years respectively. As analyzed by department, the radiographs were taken the most in order of pediatric dentistry, orthodontic, conservative dentistry. The annual average of effective dose per person increased with age, and it was highest at the age of 18 years. But it was lower than 1.0 mSv, the annual standard of defense in the general public. The effective dose of over 80% of patients are under 0.1 mSv. But there were 2 patients whose effective dose was over 1.0 mSv. The annual average effective dose per person by dental radiography type was highest at the age of 0 – 3 years for periapical radiography and at the age of over 4 years for panoramic radiography. Conclusion: This investigation into the status of number of dental radiography and effective dose for individuals of children and adolescents will contribute to maximizing the benefits of dental radiography and minimizing the radiation dose.
Purpose: Various devices such as dental handpieces, ultrasonic scalers, and aspirators exist in the dental clinic, and they generate noise with high decibel levels in a complex way. Through this study, we survey the discomfort and hearing changes on patients and dental staff, and compare and analyze the sound insulation effect of each noise cancelling product for vari - ous noises. Materials and Methods: This study is a multi-faceted evaluation of noise generated in the dental treatment. First, patients and dental staffs were surveyed through the Gallup Korea Research Institute. Afterwards, subjective evaluations of various noise cancelling earphones for dental noises were conducted by VAS scales. Results: In this study, more than 50% of patients, dentists, and dental hygienists feel uncomfortable about dental noise, and more than 70% of the respondents say that they had interrupted in communication due to noise. In both the dentist and non-dentist groups, when noise-cancelling earphones were used for high-speed and low-speed handpieces and suction noise, a decrease in VAS value was confirmed. Regarding the scaler noise, the increase or decrease of the VAS value was different depending on the products. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that noise generated in a dental treatment can cause emotional discomfort to both patients and dental staff, and both are aware of the possibility of hearing impairment. And it is necessary to consider the sound isolation device optimized for each noise.
Purpose: After orofacial surgery, some patients’ quality of life are lowered due to iatrogenic injury of the marginal mandibular branch (MMB). Therefore, methods that can localize and protect the MMB before or during orofacial surgery were reviewed through a literature review. Material and Methods: Total of ten documents were sourced through a PubMed search. Depending on the methods that can navigate the MMB, the studies were categorized into landmarks’ utilization, ultrasound scanning techniques, nerve stimulators, and fluorescent dye techniques. Results: In the cases of using landmarks, there were methods that used a layer with facial artery and facial vein. Also, the location of MMB inferred by making the triangle based on mouth commissure, sternocleidomastoid muscle, mandibular groove, mastoid, and mastoid apophysis. There was also a technique for visualizing an MMB via ultrasound scanning. The portable and disposable nerve simulator enabled an accurate MMB identification. Moreover, MMB mapping using a stimulator could help in the security and protection of the nerve during surgery. Finally, using a fluorescent dye (which is currently limited to animal study) could make visualization of MMB and micro branches. Conclusion: Most orofacial surgeries still rely on landmarks to search for the MMB. However, it is believed that damage to the MMB can be reduced by using the various techniques identified in this review paper in clinical practice.
Occlusal bite forces are the most critical consideration factor in treatment planning. Measurement methods of occlusal bite forces were developed in a century, and affected factors are studied in many experiments. Gender, age, shapes of facial morphology, teeth position, periodontal states, etc., are revealed affective aspects of the occlusal bite forces. The dental clinician should make a treatment plan by considering occlusal bite forces and would predict the patient's prognosis. In clinical procedures, several specific factors that include endodontic treatment, implant treatment, and com plete denture prosthesis cause severe results after treatments. If clinicians do not consider these factors before the treatment procedures, extraction of the tooth, implant, and dismission of the complete denture are struggled by patients. These factors (endodontic treatment, Implant, complete denture prosthesis) cause the changes of occlusal bite forces, and then consideration of these changes makes a great result of treatment. The purpose of this study was to summarize the parts that clinicians can refer to based on reviewing studies on complex factors that affect occlusal bite force.
Obtaining precise occlusal registration is one of the main issues in prosthodontics. The adequate trimming strategy of bite material and removing the bubbles in the cast are important and time-consuming procedures to acquire the correct occlusal registration in the conventional pathway. In the era of digital dentistry, the use of intraoral scanners has been widely spread out, and the occlusal registration step is automatically performed through the software algorithm. However, the accuracy of occlusal registration using intraoral scanners is differ ent depending on the digital trimming strategy. Clinicians are required to understand the theoretical knowledge for occlusal registration and data trimming strategy.
An understanding of occlusion is essential to examine and recover the patient's overall oral condition. In order to understand academics in occlusion, it is necessary to look into its history. In the 1850s, most prosthetic treatment meant restoration of complete dentures, so many scholars suggested balanced occlusion to enhance the stability of dentures. Since the restoration of natural teeth using the casting became possible after the 1920s, a long history of debate represented by Gnathology and PMS(Pankey-Mann-Schuyler) philosophy has begun. With the introduction of implants as a substitute for tooth loss in the 1990s, interest has been shifted to studying the concept of biomechanics in occlusion for implants as well as natural teeth. This article is an overview of the various occlusal concepts from a historical point of view which will help the clinicians select an appropriate occlusal scheme for high difficulty cases.
