- 권한신청
- P-ISSN2233-8292
- E-ISSN2287-4747
- KCI
ISSN : 2233-8292
도로터널 화재시 차량의 항력계수가 제연용 제연팬에 미치는 영향에 대한 해석적 연구
A numerical study on effects of drag coefficient of vehicle on jet fans in case of fire in road tunnels
유지오 (신한대학교)
김효규 (㈜주성지앤비)
- 다운로드 수
- 조회수
초록
도로터널에서는 환기 및 제연을 목적으로 제연펜을 설치하고 있다. 제연펜 용량(제트팬 댓수)은 환기저항 및 승압력이 평형이 되는 상태에서 결정되게 된다. 터널에 운행중이거나 정지된 차량에 의한 승압력 및 저항력은 차량의 항력계수에 영향을 받게 된다. 터널에서의 항력계수는 슬립스트림 효과(또는 shadow effect)와 폐색효과에 영향을 받게 되며, 환기팬 및 제연팬 산정시 이와 같은 효과를 적절히 고려하지 못하고 있는 실정으로 교통 환기력를 과대평가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 화재시 차량의 차간간격을 반영한 항력계수와 등가저항면적을 산정하기 위해서 터널에 실제로 차량이 정차하는 조건으로 모델링하여 수치해석을 통해 항력계수를 검토하였다. 본 연구 결과, 항력계수에 대형차량 혼입률이 미치는 영향은 명확하지 않으며, 등가저항면적은 현행 도로설계편람기준에 대비 약 86%, 또 구 기준인 한국도로공사 환기설계기준 대비 62.2%수준으로 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다.
- keywords
- 항력계수, 폐색효과, 등가저항면적, 도로터널 화재, Drag coefficient, Blockage effect, Equivalent resistance area, Tunnel fire
Abstract
The road tunnel install a vent for the purpose of ventilation and smoke control. Ventilation equipment capacity(number of jet fans) depends on from the condition that of the pressure and ventilation resistance. Pressure and the resistance under operating vehicle have affected on the drag coefficient. The drag coefficient of the tunnel have affected by the blockage effect and slipstream effects. However, when calculating the ventilation fan, are not properly consider taking into account such effects. Therefore, ventilation force may have been slightly overestimated. This paper describes the drag coefficient through a numerical analysis to calculate the equivalent resistance area that reflects the vehicle distance, and examined the equivalent resistance area. The ventilation coefficient corresponding to the result heavy vehicle mixing ratio of the present study was not clear. Equivalent resistance area had reduced by about 86% compared to the road design handbook current standards. Also it had analyzed and reduced to 62.2% compared to Korea Highway Corporation ventilation design criteria ratio, which is the old standard.
- keywords
- 항력계수, 폐색효과, 등가저항면적, 도로터널 화재, Drag coefficient, Blockage effect, Equivalent resistance area, Tunnel fire
참고문헌
1. Wyler, J.S. (1974), “Probe blockage effects in free jets and closed tunnels”, J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, Vol. 94, No. 4, pp. 509-514.
2. Marco Welse, Martin Schober, Alexander Orellano, (2006), “Slipstream velocities induced by trains.”, Proceedings of the 4th WSEAS International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics pp. 26-28.
3. Gelerum, A., Swart, L. (1991), “Ventilation of road tunnels”, KIVI, Dutch Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management.
4. PIARC (1995), technical committee report on road tunnels, “Vehicle emissions, air demand, environment, longitudinal ventilation”, XXth World Road Congress.
5. Ohashi, H. (2006), “Longitudinal diffusion by passing vehicles in road tunnels correlation equation on longitudinal diffusion coef”, 12th International Symposium on Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels.
6. Shinhan University, (2007), “Neung-dong tunnel experimental production model and numerical simulation report”.
7. Japan Highway Public Corporation, (1997), “Design guidelines.”, pp. 55-70.
8. Ministry of Land, (2013), “Road capacity handbook”, Korea.
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