The Ulvophyceae are a diverse group and most species are distributed in marine environments, however, a smaller diversity occurs in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Also, the diversity of species belonging to Ulvophyceae has been superficially investigated in Korea. Here, we identify two freshwater ulvophycean species based on the morphology, ultrastructural observation, and phylogenetic analysis. As a result, their taxonomic classifications are as follows: order Ulvales Blackman and Tansley, 1902 - family Kornmanniaceae Golden and Cole, 1986 - Lithotrichon pulchrum Darienko and Pröschold 2017; order Ulotrichales Borzì, 1895 - family Tupiellaceae Škaloud and Leliaert, 2018 - Tupiella speciosa Darienko and Pröschold 2017. The family Tupiellaceae and the two genera Lithotrichon and Tupiella are reported for the first time in Korea.
Akaike, H. 1974. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 19(6):716-723.
Biebel, P. 1968. Reproduction in Helicodictyon planctonicum (Whitford) Whitford and Schumacher. Journal of Phycology 4(1):55-58.
Borzi, A. 1883. Saggio di ricerche Sulla biologia delle alghe. Ctenocladus, gen. nov. Studi Algologici 1:27-50.
Darienko, T. and T. Pröschold. 2017. Toward a monograph of non-marine Ulvophyceae using an integrative approach (Molecular phylogeny and systematics of terrestrial Ulvophyceae II.). Phytotaxa 324(1):001-041.
Guillou, L., W. Eikrem, M. Chretiennot-Dinet, F. Le Gall, R. Massana and K. Romari. 2004. Diversity of picoplanktonic prasinophytes assessed by direct nuclear SSU rDNA sequencing of environmental samples and novel isolates retrieved from oceanic and coastal marine ecosystems. Protist 155(2):193-214.
Gunnarsson, K. and R. Nielsen. 2016. Culture and field studies of Ulvellaceae and other microfilamentous green seaweeds in subarctic and arctic waters around Iceland. Nova Hedwigia 103 (1-2):17-46.
Liu, B., Q. Wang, S. Li, J. Fang, G. Liu and Z. Hui. 2019. Taxonomic transfer of Gongrosira fluminensis Fritsch (Chaetophorales, Chlorophyceae) to Lithotrichon Darienko et Proschold (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae) based on morphological observation and phylogenetic analyses. Fottea 19(1):25-32.
Marin, B., A. Palm, M. Klingberg and M. Melkonian. 2003. Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of plastid-containing euglenophytes based on SSU rDNA sequence comparisons and synapomorphic signatures in the SSU rRNA secondary structure. Protist 154:99-145.
National Institute of Biological Resources, Ministry of Envirionment. 2002. National species list of Korea, 2020. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon [Available from: https://species.nibr.go.kr/, accessed 23 Dec, 2021].
Nichols, H.W. and H.C. Bold. 1965. Trichosarcina polymorpha gen. et sp. nov. Journal of Phycology 1(1):34-38.
Nielsen, R., G. Petersen, O. Seberg, N. Daugbjerg, C.J. O’Kelly and B. Wysor. 2013. Revision of the genus Ulvella (Ulvellaceae, Ulvophyceae) based on morphology and tufA gene sequences of species in culture, with Acrochaete and Pringsheimiella placed in synonymy. Phycologia 52(1):37-56.
Posada, D. and K.A. Crandall. 1998. Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14(9):817-818.
Reynolds, E.S. 1963. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. Journal of Cell Biology 17(1):208-212.
Ronquist, F., M. Teslenko, P.V.D. Mark, D.L. Ayres, A. Darling, S. Höhna and J.P. Huelsenbeck. 2012. MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61:539-542.
Sanders, W.B. and H. Masumoto. 2021. Lichen algae: the photosynthetic partners in lichen symbioses. The Lichenologist 53(5):347-393.
Škaloud, P., F. Rindi, C. Boedeker and F. Leliaert. 2018. Freshwater Flora of Central Europe, Vol 13: Chlorophyta: Ulvophyceae (Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Bd. 13: Chlorophyta: Ulvophyceae). Springer-Verlag.
Smith, S.W., R. Overbeek, C.R. Woese, W. Gilbert and P.M. Gillevet. 1994. The genetic data environment an expandable GUI for multiple sequence analysis. Bioinformatics 10(6):671-675.
Spurr, A.R. 1969. A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. Journal of Phycology 26(1-2):31-43.
Stamatakis, A. 2014. RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30(9):1312-1313.
Swofford, D.L. 2002. PAUP* Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods), Version 4.0b10. Sunderland, MA, USA: Sinauer Associates.
Tupa, D.D. 1974. An investigation of certain chaetophoralean algae. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 46:1-155.