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Reflections on the Formation of a Dependent Educational System and Ideology in Korea

Korea Journal / Korea Journal, (P)0023-3900; (E)2733-9343
2006, v.46 no.3, pp.99-128

Abstract

Korean educational history following liberation has been marked bydependence on the Unites States. Around the time of liberation, pro-Japanese groups were allowed to keep their positions. Also, the Ameri-can school system was introduced and American liberal democracy wasadopted. Later, during the Park Chung-hee administration, human cap-ital theory, which stressed efficiency and competition, was prevalent,and the New Community Movement, the ideological foundation ofwhich was social evolutionism, was conducted. Inquiry learning theo-ry, which originated in the United States, was also blindly introduced. Some pushed for critical education, or concientization, and popu-lar education, followed by group research activities, while resistingAmerican influence. However, due to the downfall of the socialist blocin Eastern Europe, this research trend began to decline. Along withglobalization, Korean education has been shaped by neoliberalist edu-cational policy, which aggressively pursues marketization. Thus, it isnecessary to present visions and alternatives to the current trend ofdependence in the Korean educational system.

keywords
dependent educational system, world system of knowl-edge, human capital theory, modernization theory, critical education, conscientization neoliberal educational theory, popular education, privatizationSim Seong-Bo is Professor of Education at Busan N, dependent educational system, world system of knowl-edge, human capital theory, modernization theory, critical education, conscientization neoliberal educational theory, popular education, privatizationSim Seong-Bo is Professor of Education at Busan N

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129 Reflections on the Formation of a Dependent Educational System and Ideology in KoreaThird it is necessary to re-communitize schools to counterneoliberalism which alienates and dehumanizes schools and rendersthe fostering of community consciousness difficult. With schools fac-ing a community crisis communitarianism and communitarianeducation have emerged as alternatives. If the leading ideology ofthe 1980s was individualism then in the twenty-first century com-munitarianism has emerged as an alternative to save us from an end-of-the-century crisis.,

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