- P-ISSN0023-3900
- E-ISSN2733-9343
- A&HCI, SCOPUS, KCI
ISSN : 0023-3900
The Innovative Heritage of the Urban Industrial Mission in the Korean Religious Market: A Case Study of YDP-UIM
Abstract
This article first traces how the Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission (YDP-UIM) applied their innovative strategies to the Guro Industrial Complex (GIC) and the Korean society from the 1960s. This article explains the sociohistorical and theoretical implications of YDP-UIM under the supervision of the Presbyterian Church of Korea into the following three aspects. First, many democratic labor unions supported or led by YDP-UIM played a significant role historically in establishing the Korean Federation of Trade Unions. Second, credit unions introduced to the GIC by YDP-UIM saw unexpected success in protecting GIC industrial workers from falling prey to institutionalized usurers, and the National Credit Union Federation of Korea has grown today to become the world’s third largest credit union federation. In-depth interviews with YDP-UIM’s leading activists, however, repeatedly reveal that their practical innovation was the result of their self-reflective interaction with industrial workers alienated from religion itself as well from established society. Finally, these interviews point out how and why the positive relationship between religious innovation and free competition posited by religious market theorists should be revised, both theoretically and empirically, in the Korean context.
- keywords
- YDP-UIM, Korean UIM, Guro Industrial Complex, religious innovation, religious competition, religious market theory, Presbyterian Church of Korea, unionism
Reference
Addy, Tony. 1993. “Industrial Mission, Economic Change and the Laity Question.”Ecumenical Review 45.4: 426–431.
Ahn, Chi Yong, et al. 2014. Guro gongdan-eseo G-Valley-ro (From Guro Industrial Complex to G-Valley). Seoul: Hanscontents.
Atkinson, Mike H. 2015. “Credibility and Obedience: Memories of the Sheffield Industrial Mission.” Theology 118.2: 92–97.
Chang, Suk-Gyeong. 2009. “Saneop seongyo-ui doip-gwa byeonhwa gwajeong,1957–1972” (Introduction and Changing Process of Industrial Mission, 1957–1972). Sarim (Historical Journal) 34: 171–211.
Chesnut, R. Andrew. 2003. Competitive Spirits: Latin America’s New Religious Economy. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Cho, Seung-Hyuk. 1976. “Dosi saneop seongyo hyeonhwang bogo” (Report on the Current Situation of the Urban Industrial Mission). Gidokgyo sasang (Christian Thought) 20.5: 91–103.
Choi, Jang-Jip. 1997. Hanguk-ui nodong undong-gwa gukga (Korean Labor Movement and the State). Seoul: Nanam.
Elwyn, Thornton. 1996. “Industrial Mission: A Reflection.” Baptist Quarterly 36.5:228–240.
Gutman, Herbert G. 1966. “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: The Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age.” American Historical Review 72.1: 74–101.
Han, Wan-Sang. 1979. “Hanguk-ui yeorigo-wa saneop seongyo” (Korean Jericho Hill and Industrial Mission). Gidokgyo sasang (Christian Thought) 23.11: 18–23.
Hwang, Hong-Ryul. 2008. “21 segi chonghoe saneop seongyo-ui naagal gil” (Way of the Industrial Mission in the 21st Century). In Chonghoe dosi saneop seongyo 50 junyeon ginyeom jaryojip (Sourcebook of the 50th Anniversary of the Urban Industrial Mission), edited by National Mission Ministry, 98–122. Seoul: Presbyterian Church of Korea.
Iannaccone, Laurence R. 1995. “Risk, Rationality, and Religious Portfolios.” Economic Inquiry 33.2: 285–295.
In, Myung-Jin. 2013a. Widaehan bureusim: Gallilli gyohoe 30 nyeon iyagi (Great Calling: 30 Years of the Galilee Church). Seoul: Galilee Church.
In, Myung-Jin. 2013b. Seongmun bak saramdeul iyagi (The Story of the People outside the Gate). Seoul: The Christian Literature Society of Korea.
Jang, Suk-Man. 2005. “Hanguk Gaesingyo-ui tto dareun mosaek: Gidokgyo Joseon bogeum gyohoe-wa dosi saneop seongyohoe” (Challenges to the Dominant Hegemony of Korean Protestantism: Joseon Evangelical Church and Urban Industrial Mission). Yeoksa bipyeong (Critical Review of History) 70: 103–122.
Jang, Yoon-Jae. 2008. “21 segi sahoe gyeongje sanghwang byeonhwa-e daehan pyeongga-wa jeonmang” (Evaluation and Prospect of Social and Economic Changes in the 21st Century). In Chonghoe dosi saneop seongyo 50 junyeon ginyeom jaryojip (Sourcebook of the 50th Anniversary of the Urban Industrial Mission), edited by National Mission Ministry, 6–29. Seoul: Presbyterian Church of Korea.
Johnston, Ronnie, and Elaine McFarland. 2010. “With God in the Workplace: Industrial Chaplains in Scottish Heavy Industry, 1970s–1990.” Oral History 38.1: 55–67.
Joo, Sun-Mi. 2011. “Sahoejeok jabon gwanjeom-eseo bon sinhyeop-ui gwaje” (Tasks of Credit Unions from the Social Capital Perspective). Sinhyeop yeongu (Credit Union Journal) 57.2: 43–76.
Kim, Dong Choon. 1996. “Sasang-ui jeongae-reul tonghae bon Hanguk-ui geundae moseup” (Korean Modernizing Appearances Observed by the Developing Thoughts). In Hanguk-ui geundae-wa geundaeseong bipan (Criticism of Korean Modernization and Modernity), edited by Institute for Korean historical Studies, 273–310. Seoul: Yeoksa Bipyeongsa.
Kim, Insoo. 2003. Hanguk Gidokgyohoesa (History of Korean Christianity). Seoul:Hanguk Jangnogyo Chulpansa.
Kim, Won. 2004. “1970 nyeondae minju nojo-wa gyohoe danche: dosi saneop seongyohoe-wa JOC damnon-ui hyeongseong-gwa mosun” (Democratic Trade Union and Church Organization in 1970s: The Formation and Contradiction of UIM and JOC Discourses). Saneop nodong yeongu (Korean Journal of Labor Studies) 10.1: 57–94.
Korean Confederation of Trade Unions (KCTU). 2001. Minju nojo tujaeng-gwa tanap-ui yeoksa (History of Struggle and Persecution of Korean Confederation of Trade Unions, 1970–2000). Seoul: Hyeonjangeseo Miraereul.
Kwon, Jin-Kwan. 2005. “1970 nyeondae saneop seongyo jidojadeul-ui ipjang-gwa hwaldong-ui teukjingdeul-e daehan yeongu” (Study of Features of Industrial Mission Leader Activities and Opinions in the 1970s). In 1960–70 nyeondae nodongja-ui saenghwal segye-wa jeongcheseong (Lifestyle and Identity of Korean Labors in 1960s and 1970s), edited by Lee Chong-Gu, 191–213. Seoul: Hanul.
Lang, Graeme, Selina Chan, and Lars Ragvald. 2005. “Temples and the Religious Economy.” In State, Market, and Religions in Chinese Societies, edited by Fenggang Yang and Joseph B. Tamney, 149–180. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
Lee, Kwon-Chan. 1963. “Saneop jeondo-ui baljachwi” (Tracking down the History of Industrial Mission). Gidokgyo sasang (Christian Thought) 7.3: 32–45.
Lee, Namhee. 2005. “Representing the Worker: The Worker-Intellectual Alliance of the 1980s in South Korea.” Journal of Asian Studies 64.4: 911–937.
Lee, Sang Rok. 2015. “1960–1970 nyeondae George Ogle moksa-ui dosi saneop seongyo hwaldong-gwa minjujuui-ui gusang” (Pastor George Ogle’s Urban Industrial Mission and Industrial Democracy Discourse in the 1960–1970s). Sai (Gap) 19: 91–124.
Lee, Youngsook. 1991. “Hanguk jinbojeok gaesingyo jidojadeul-ui sahoe byeondong chujin-e daehan yeongu, 1957–1984 nyeon-eul jungsim-euro” (Study of Social Movement Led by Progressive Korean Christian Leaders, 1957–1984). In Hanguk sahoehak daehoe nonmunjip (Collection of Annual Meeting Papers of the Korean Association of Sociology), edited by Korean Association of Sociology, 244–250. Seoul: Korean Association of Sociology.
Macpherson, Ian. 2010. “Kaenada sinhyeop-ui baljeon gwajeong-gwa sisajeom” (English-Canadian Credit Unions: Insights from Some 80 Years, 1929–2010). Sinhyeop yeongu (Credit Union Journal) 55.4: 131–179.
Martí, Gerardo. 2017. “New Concepts for New Dynamics: Generating Theory for the Study of Religious Innovation and Social Change.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 56.1: 6–18.
Michelson, Grant. 2009. “The Dynamic Evolution of Urban Industrial Mission in Korea.” Indian Journal of Industrial Relations 45.2: 163–180.
Min, Kyungbae. 1995. Hanguk gyohoe-ui sahoesa (Social History of Korean Churches). Seoul: Yonsei University Press.
Nodongsa Yeonguso, Sungkonghoe University. 2013. Dijiteol sidae-ui nodongjadeul (Workers in the Digital Age). Paju: Korean Studies Information.
Park, Jungshin. 2004. Hanguk Gidokgyosa insik (Understanding of Korean Christian History). Seoul: Hyean.
Park, Kyung Hoo. 1990. “Uri nara jeontong munhwa-wa sinhyeop undong baljeon banghyang” (Korean Traditional Culture and the Future of Credit Unions). Sinhyeop yeongu (Credit Union Journal) 18: 94–117.
Poethig, Richard P. 1995. “Toward Worldwide Industrial Mission: The Presbyterian Story, 1945–1975.” American Presbyterians 73.1: 35–47.
Poethig, Richard P. 1998. “Telling the Story: The Role of Information-Sharing in Urban and Industrial Mission.” International Review of Mission 87.344: 113–122.
Poethig, Richard P. 2005. “Marshal Logan Scott and the Presbyterian Institute of Industrial Relations.” Journal of Presbyterian History 83.1: 5–12.
Roh, Joong Kee. 2005. “Minju nodong undong-gwa Guro dongmaeng paeop” (A Study of the Guro Strike of 1985). Saneop nodong yeongu (Korean Journal of Labor Studies) 11.2: 321–344.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1991. The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Shin, Kwang Young. 1994. Gyegeup-gwa nodong undong-ui sahoehak (Sociology of Classes and Labor Movement). Seoul: Nanam.
Sohn, Eun-Jung. 2013. “Uri nara hyeopdong johap undong-ui siltae-wa hangye, geurigo gwaje: Yeongdeungpo saneop seongyohoe-reul jungsim-euro” (Limitation and Problems of the Korean Co-operative Movement: Focusing on Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission). Gidokgyo sasang (Christian Thought) 655:50–65.
Son, Seung-Ho. 2015. “Yusin chejeha Hanguk Gidokgyo gyohoe hyeobuihoe-ui ingwon ihae” (Human Rights as Understood by the National Council of Churches in Korea under the Yusin Regime). Hanguk Gidokgyo-wa yeoksa (Christianity and History in Korea) 43: 233–260.
Stark, Rodney, and Buster G. Smith. 2012. “Pluralism and the Churching of Latin America.” Latin American Politics and Society 54.2: 35–50.
Stark, Rodney, and Roger Finke. 2000. Acts of Faith: Explaining the Human Side of Religion. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Urquhart, Robert C. 1963. “Industrial Evangelism in Korea: Past, Present, and Future.” Gidokgyo sasang (Christian Thought) 7.3: 38–45.
Weber, Max. [1922] 1993. The Sociology of Religion. Translated by Ephraim Fischoff. Boston: Beacon Press.
Yang, Nakhong. 2008. Hanguk jangno gyohoesa (History of Korean Presbyterian Church). Seoul: The World of Life Press.
YDP-UIM (Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission). 1998. Yeongdeungpo saneop seongyohoe 40 nyeonsa (Forty Years of Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission). Seoul: Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission.
Yim, Song-Ja. 2010. “1970 nyeondae dosi saneop seongyohoe-wa Hanguk nochongui galdeung daerip” (Conflict and Opposition between Urban Industrial Mission and Federation of Korean Trade Unions in the 1970s). Sarim (Historical Journal)35: 311–344.
Yoo, Kyung-Soon. 2005. “1985nyeon Guro dongmaeng paeop-ui jeongae gwajeonggwa hyeonjaejeok uimi” (Development of the Guro Alliance Strike in 1985and Its Current Implications). Jinbo pyeongnon (Progressive Review) 24: 324–342.
Yoon, Sang-Duk. 2011. “Ija gyuje-ui yeoksajeok jeongae mit gaejeong ija jehanbeop-ui banghyang” (Historical Review of Interest Regulation and the Direction of Amended Interest Restriction Act). Beophak yeongu (Journal of Legal Studies) 44: 127–150.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations