open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
ISSN : 0376-4672
Bruxism is a movement disorder characterized by grinding and clenching of teeth. Polysomnography and controlled sleep studies have allowed us to better understand the relationship between sleep stages, micro-arousal responses, and autonomic function and bruxism. Bruxism can sometimes threaten the integrity of the masticatory system when the magnitude and direction of the applied force exceeds the system's adaptive capacity. Thus, bruxism is the most common contributing factor found in patients with temporomandibular disorder and orofacial pain. In addition, it contributes to abnormal wear of teeth, periodontal disease, and causes considerable problems in dental care. There are two main types of bruxism, which are associated with various circadian cycles (sleep and wake bruxism) that may differ in pathophysiology. Bruxism is considered to have multifactorial etiology. Sleep bruxism have been associated with peripheral factors, psychosocial influences such as psychological distress or anxiety, and central pathophysiology involving brain neurotransmitters. Currently, there is no specific and effective treatment that can permanently get rid of the bruxism. Palliative treatment and alternatives have been mainly proposed to prevent the pathological effects of bruxism on the oral and maxillofacial system and to ameliorate adverse clinical outcomes. This study is a review of literature published in the last 30 years on 'bruxism', especially sleep bruxism, and is performed using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Database and PubMed search engines.
1. Manfredini, D., Winocur, E., Guarda-Nardini, L., Paesani, D. & Lobbezoo, F. Epidemiology of bruxism in adults: a systematic review of the literature. J Orofac Pain 27, 99-110, doi:10.11607/jop.921(2013).
2. Castrillon, E. E. & Exposto, F. G. Sleep Bruxism and Pain. Dent Clin North Am 62, 657-663, doi:10.1016/j.cden.2018.06.003 (2018).
3. Thorpy, M. J. Classification of sleep disorders. Neurotherapeutics 9, 687-701, doi:10.1007/s13311-012-0145-6 (2012).
4. Sateia, M. J. International classification of sleep disorders-third edition: highlights and modifications. Chest 146, 1387-1394, doi:10.1378/chest.14-0970 (2014).
5. Khoury, S., Carra, M. C., Huynh, N., Montplaisir, J. & Lavigne, G. J. Sleep Bruxism-Tooth Grinding Prevalence, Characteristics and Familial Aggregation: A Large Cross-Sectional Survey and Polysomnographic Validation. Sleep 39, 2049-2056, doi:10.5665/sleep.6242(2016).
6. Jonsgar, C. et al. Sleep bruxism in individuals with and without attrition-type tooth wear: An exploratory matched case-control electromyographic study. Journal of Dentistry 43, 1504-1510, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2015.10.002 (2015).
7. Shetty, S., Pitti, V., Satish Babu, C. L., Surendra Kumar, G. P. & Deepthi, B. C. Bruxism: a literature review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 10, 141-148, doi:10.1007/s13191-011-0041-5 (2010).
8. Kawakami, S., Kumazaki, Y., Manda, Y., Oki, K. & Minagi, S. Specific diurnal EMG activity pattern observed in occlusal collapse patients:relationship between diurnal bruxism and tooth loss progression. PLoS One 9, e101882, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101882 (2014).
9. Rao, S. K., Bhat, M. & David, J. Work, Stress, and Diurnal Bruxism:A Pilot Study among Information Technology Professionals in Bangalore City, India. Int J Dent 2011, 650489-650489, doi:10.1155/2011/650489 (2011).
10. Rintakoski, K. et al. Tobacco use and reported bruxism in young adults: a nationwide Finnish Twin Cohort Study. Nicotine Tob Res 12, 679-683, doi:10.1093/ntr/ntq066 (2010).
11. Yap, A. U. & Chua, A. P. Sleep bruxism: Current knowledge and contemporary management. J Conserv Dent 19, 383-389, doi:10.4103/0972-0707.190007 (2016).
12. Lavigne, G. J., Kato, T., Kolta, A. & Sessle, B. J. Neurobiological mechanisms involved in sleep bruxism. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 14, 30-46, doi:10.1177/154411130301400104 (2003).
13. Negoro, T. et al. Bruxing patterns in children compared to intercuspal clenching and chewing as assessed with dental models, electromyography, and incisor jaw tracing: preliminary study. ASDC J Dent Child 65, 449-458, 438 (1998).
14. Trindade Mde, O. & Rodriguez, A. G. Polysomnographic analysis of bruxism. Gen Dent 62, 56-60 (2014).
15. Beddis, H., Pemberton, M. & Davies, S. Sleep bruxism: an overview for clinicians. Br Dent J 225, 497-501, doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.757(2018).
16. Sousa, H. C. S. et al. Prevalence and associated factors to sleep bruxism in adolescents from Teresina, Piauí. Rev Bras Epidemiol 21, e180002, doi:10.1590/1980-549720180002 (2018).
17. Huynh, N. et al. Sleep bruxism is associated to micro-arousals and an increase in cardiac sympathetic activity. J Sleep Res 15, 339-346, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00536.x (2006).
18. Sjöholm, T. T., Lowe, A. A., Miyamoto, K., Fleetham, J. A. & Ryan, C. F. Sleep bruxism in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Arch Oral Biol 45, 889-896, doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(00)00044-3(2000).
19. De Laat, A. & Macaluso, G. M. Sleep bruxism as a motor disorder. Mov Disord 17 Suppl 2, S67-69, doi:10.1002/mds.10064 (2002).
20. Kato, T., Thie, N. M., Montplaisir, J. Y. & Lavigne, G. J. Bruxism and orofacial movements during sleep. Dent Clin North Am 45, 657-684 (2001).
21. Tachibana, N. et al. Sleep bruxism as a manifestation of subclinical rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Sleep 17, 555-558(1994).
22. Oksenberg, A., Radwan, H., Arons, E., Hoffenbach, D. & Behroozi, B. Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder: a sleep disturbance affecting mainly older men. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci 39, 28-35 (2002).
23. Lavigne, G. J., Khoury, S., Abe, S., Yamaguchi, T. & Raphael, K. Bruxism physiology and pathology: an overview for clinicians. J Oral Rehabil 35, 476-494, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01881.x (2008).
24. Macaluso, G. M. et al. Sleep bruxism is a disorder related to periodic arousals during sleep. J Dent Res 77, 565-573, doi:10.1177/00220345980770040901 (1998).
25. Barbosa Tde, S., Miyakoda, L. S., Pocztaruk Rde, L., Rocha, C. P. &Gavião, M. B. Temporomandibular disorders and bruxism in childhood and adolescence: review of the literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 72, 299-314, doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2007.11.006 (2008).
26. Tuerlings, V. & Limme, M. The prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in the mixed dentition. Eur J Orthod 26, 311-320, doi:10.1093/ejo/26.3.311 (2004).
27. Kieser, J. A. & Groeneveld, H. T. Relationship between juvenile bruxing and craniomandibular dysfunction. J Oral Rehabil 25, 662-665, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2842.1998.00304.x (1998).
28. Ohlmann, B. et al. Correlations between Sleep Bruxism and Temporomandibular Disorders. J Clin Med 9, 611, doi:10.3390/jcm9020611 (2020).
29. Saito, M. et al. Temporal association between sleep apnea-hypopnea and sleep bruxism events. J Sleep Res, doi:10.1111/jsr.12099(2013).
30. Yoshimi, H., Sasaguri, K., Tamaki, K. & Sato, S. Identification of the occurrence and pattern of masseter muscle activities during sleep using EMG and accelerometer systems. Head Face Med 5, 7-7, doi:10.1186/1746-160X-5-7 (2009).
31. Nascimento, L. L. et al. Occlusal splint for sleep bruxism: an electromyographic associated to Helkimo Index evaluation. Sleep Breath 12, 275-280, doi:10.1007/s11325-007-0152-8 (2008).
32. Bracci, A. et al. Frequency of awake bruxism behaviours in the natural environment. A 7-day, multiple-point observation of realtime report in healthy young adults. J Oral Rehabil 45, 423-429, doi:10.1111/joor.12627 (2018).
33. Palinkas, M. et al. Comparative Capabilities of Clinical Assessment, Diagnostic Criteria, and Polysomnography in Detecting Sleep Bruxism. J Clin Sleep Med 11, 1319-1325, doi:10.5664/jcsm.5196(2015).
34. Mesko, M. E. et al. Therapies for bruxism: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (protocol). Syst Rev 6, 4, doi:10.1186/s13643-016-0397-z (2017).
35. Guaita, M. & Högl, B. Current Treatments of Bruxism. Curr Treat Options Neurol 18, 10-10, doi:10.1007/s11940-016-0396-3(2016).
36. Ilovar, S., Zolger, D., Castrillon, E., Car, J. & Huckvale, K. Biofeedback for treatment of awake and sleep bruxism in adults: systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 3, 42-42, doi:10.1186/2046-4053-3-42(2014).
37. Macedo, C. R., Silva, A. B., Machado, M. A., Saconato, H. & Prado, G. F. Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding). Cochrane Database Syst Rev, Cd005514, doi:10.1002/14651858. CD005514.pub2 (2007).
38. Hardy, R. S. & Bonsor, S. J. The efficacy of occlusal splints in the treatment of bruxism: A systematic review. Journal of Dentistry 108, 103621, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103621 (2021).
39. Macedo, C. R., Macedo, E. C., Torloni, M. R., Silva, A. B. & Prado, G. F. Pharmacotherapy for sleep bruxism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, Cd005578, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005578.pub2 (2014).
40. Lee, S. J., McCall, W. D., Jr., Kim, Y. K., Chung, S. C. & Chung, J. W. Effect of botulinum toxin injection on nocturnal bruxism: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 89, 16-23, doi:10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181bc0c78 (2010).
41. Serra-Negra, J. M. et al. Sleep bruxism, awake bruxism and sleep quality among Brazilian dental students: a cross-sectional study. Braz Dent J 25, 241-247, doi:10.1590/0103-6440201302429(2014).
42. Kato, T., Rompré, P., Montplaisir, J. Y., Sessle, B. J. & Lavigne, G. J. Sleep bruxism: an oromotor activity secondary to micro-arousal. J Dent Res 80, 1940-1944, doi:10.1177/00220345010800101501 (2001).
43. Valiente López, M., van Selms, M. K., van der Zaag, J., Hamburger, H. L. & Lobbezoo, F. Do sleep hygiene measures and progressive muscle relaxation influence sleep bruxism? Report of a randomised controlled trial. J Oral Rehabil 42, 259-265, doi:10.1111/joor.12252(2015).