ISSN : 0376-4672
Antiresorptives, such as bisphosphonate, denosumab, are widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis, os teopenia, malignant bone metastases, multiple myeloma and Paget`s disease. They have therapeutic efficacy for controlling bone pain and reducing skeletal related events including the pathologic fractures. However, it was reported that the develop ment of osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONJ) could be related to antiresorptive treatments. It was first defined as Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw in 2007 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons(AAOMS) position pa per. This was changed to Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw(MRONJ) in the AAOMS position paper 2014. This position paper was updated recently in May 2022 and contains revisions to disease definition and management strategies at “AAOMS position paper on MRONJ-2022 update”. The important changes in clinical implications are as follows; 1) In the definition, immune modulators (such as Romosozumab) were included with potential medications related with osteo necrosis of the jaw (ONJ), 2) Operative therapy was included for all stages (1, 2 and 3) in treatment strategies, 3) Formerly mentioned drug holiday before surgical procedure to prevent MRONJ was not identified in 2022 AAOMS position paper. Most of the statements in AAOMS 2022 position paper were based on strict literature reviews and changes were made if there is little evidence to suggest the specific diagnosis or therapeutic options. Understanding the changes compared to the previous position papers is important in selecting adequate treatment strategies for MRONJ.
Purpose: Diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease and can cause alveolar bone loss. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of diabetes on homeostatic factor of periodontal tissue using leptin receptor (db/db) mice. Materials and Methods: The db/db mice(experimental group) were compared with the wild type mice (control group) using histology and immunohistochemical analyses. Collagen fibers were evaluated using H&E, picrosirius red, fibromodu lin staining and osteogenic factors (periostin, osteopontin, osteocalcin, osterix), and factors related to osteoclasts (OPG, RANKL) in the PDL were investigated. Results: Collagen fibers and osteogenic factors in the PDL showed no differences between a control and an experimental group. In an experimental group, expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) was similar compared with a control group, while expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) was decreased. Conclusions: RANKL/OPG ratio may be one of homeostatic factors related to bone remodeling in diabetic mice.
3D printing is an additive manufacturing technique with popularity in dental fields for fabricating a wide range of structures and complex geometries. Photosensitive resin-based materials are the most widely used in dental clinics, from manufacturing orthodontic devices to implant surgical guides. Each device for 3D printing carries advantages and disadvantages as well as specific requirements for understanding the printing process. This article contains an introduction of the vat photopolymerization-based dental 3D printing devices to en hance understanding, thus gaining feasibility of the clinical use.
The composition of fluoride varnish has changed over time. Current fluoride varnishes used have the follow ing active ingredients: 5% NaF with a rosin and ethanol. There is also a fluoride varnish containing 7700 µg F/g NH4F in synthetic polymer varnish base and ethanol solvent. Recently, to enhance remineralization, calcium– phosphate compounds were added to some fluoride varnishes. Also, light-curable resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) varnishes were introduced into the market. In this study, we compared and analyzed the composition and characteristics of several types of fluoride varnish, differences in fluoride deposition amount as a function of fluorine content and fluorine emission, and the remineralization effects of fluoride varnishes that contain sub stances to promote remineralization. Additionally, we provide information that can be helpful when choosing fluoride varnish in clinical practice.
