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  • P-ISSN 1010-0695
  • E-ISSN 2288-3339

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by methanol and butanol extracts of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb in murine macrophages

대한한의학회지 / Journal of Korean Medicine, (P)1010-0695; (E)2288-3339
2005, v.26 no.1, pp.26-36
이효현 (동국대학교)
박영수 (동국대학교)
김라영 (동국대학교)
김동일 (동국대학교)
이태현 (동국대학교)
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Abstract

Objectives : Many traditional herbal remedies exhibit several beneficial effects including anti-inflammation. Euonymus alatus(Thunb.) Sieb (EA), known as `Gui jun woo' in Korea, has been used in folk medicine to regulate Qi(bodily energy) and blood circulation, relieve pain, eliminate stagnant blood, and treat dysmenorrhea in oriental countries. The exact mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb (EA), however, has not been determined. Methods : Since there is increasing evidence that nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, this study was undertaken to address whether the methanol (MeOH) extract and its fractions of the bark of EA could modulate the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages and murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells. Results : Stimulation of the peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in increased production of NO in the medium. However, the butanol (BuOH) fraction of the MeOH extract of EA barks showed marked inhibition of NO synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of NO synthesis was reflected in the decreased amount of iNOS protein, as determined by Western blotting. The BuOH fraction did not affect the viability of RAW264.7 cells, as assessed by methylthiazol-2-yl-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; rather, it reduced endogenous NO-induced apoptotic cell death via inhibition of NO synthesis in RAW264.7 cells. On the other hand, the MeOH and BuOH fraction showed no inhibitory effect on the synthesis of NO by RAW264.7 cells, when iNOS was already expressed by the stimulation with IFN-γ and LPS. Conclusions : Collectively, these results demonstrate that the MeOH and BuOH fraction inhibits NO synthesis by inhibition of the induction of iNOS in murine macrophages.

keywords
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb (EA), Nitric oxide(NO), Inducible NO synthase(iNOS), Apoptotic cell death, Murine macrophages., Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb (EA), Nitric oxide(NO), Inducible NO synthase(iNOS), Apoptotic cell death, Murine macrophages.


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