바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

  • P-ISSN0023-3900
  • E-ISSN2733-9343
  • A&HCI, SCOPUS, KCI

The Candlelight Protest and the Politics of the Baby Stroller Brigades

Korea Journal / Korea Journal, (P)0023-3900; (E)2733-9343
2010, v.50 no.3, pp.71-99
https://doi.org/10.25024/kj.2010.50.3.71

(SUNY Albany)

Abstract

This article is an ethnographic study of the “baby stroller brigades” (BSB) that represents one of the many Internet-based communities that attracted public attention in Korea during the candlelight protest of 2008. In this article, we raise several heuristic questions. First, why and how did the BSB produce such sensationalist public attention? Second, who led the BSB and who were the active members in the BSB? Third, what were the specific strategies and types of political mobilizations the BSB engaged in during the candlelight protest?Finally, what are the BSB members doing now? In answering these questions,this article argues that the sociocultural ideas about married middle-aged women, called ajumma, in Korean society are closely associated with the huge debates on the BSB members’ activities despite their relatively minor role in the protest. Despite the limitation, most BSB members expanded their political view to include larger social issues. However, their efforts are continuously confined within the sociocultural constraints that they have as ajumma.

keywords
mad cow disease, risk society, candlelight protest, baby stroller brigades, middle-class women, maternity, patriarchy, everyday life politics, subjectivity, sociocultural constraints, social movement

Reference

1.

Abell, Jackie. 2002. “Mad Cows and British Politicians: The Role of Scientific and National Identities in Managing Blame for the BSE Crisis.” Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of Discourse 22.2: 173-198.

2.

Bailey, F. G. 1969. Stratagems and Spoils: A Social Anthropology of Politics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

3.

Beck, Ulrich. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. New Delhi: Sage.

4.

____________. 2007. World at Risk. Cambridge and Malden: Polity Press.

5.

Cho, Kisuk. 2008. “2008 chotbul jiphoeja-ui inyeomjeok jeonghyang—chinbuk banmi jwapa hogeun bansin jayujujui?” (The Ideological Orientation of 2008 Candlelight Vigil Participants: Anti-American, Pro-North Korean Left or Anti-Neoliberalism?). Hanguk jeongchi hakhoebo (Korean Political Science Review) 43.3: 125-148.

6.

Cho, Wan Hyung. 2010. “Saenghyeop undong-ui gyeonggwa mit hyeonhwang-gwa dangmyeon haeksim gwaje” (The Brief History and Immediate Problems of Consumers’ Cooperatives). Paper presented at a forum “Consumers’ Cooperative Movement in Transition, What and How to Do,” May 7.

7.

Choi, Hyung Ik. 2009. “Sahoe yanggeukhwa-wa jendeo minjujuui: chotbul jiphoe-e daehan tto hana-ui haeseok” (Social Polarization and Gender Democracy: An Interpretation of the Candlelight Vigil). Hanguk jeongchi yeongu (Journal of Korean Politics) 18.2: 27-52.

8.

Eun, Soo Mi. 2009. “Chotbul-gwa hanguk sahoe jungsancheung-ui jahwasang: deo naeun chotbul-eul wihan han yeonguja-ui sogo” (Portraits of the Candlelight and the Middle Class in the Korean Society: A Researcher’s Report for Better Candlelight). In Geudae-neun wae chotbul-eul kkeusyeonnayo? (Why Did You Put Out Your Candlelight?), edited by the Planning Commission of the Dangdae Bipyeong, 215-233. Seoul: Sanchaekja.

9.

Foucault, Michel. 1984. “The Subject and Power.” In Art after Modernism: Rethinking Representation, edited by Brian Wallis, 471-532. Boston and New York: David R. Godine.

10.

Hansen, Janus, et al. 2003. “Beyond the Knowledge Deficit: Recent Research into Lay and Expert Attitudes to Food Risks.” Appetite 41: 111-121.

11.

Hutchinson, S. Elaine. 2000. “Nuer Ethnicity Militarized.” Anthropology Today 16.3: 6-13.

12.

Jeong, Sang Ho. 2008. “Chotbul jiphoe-wa hanguk minjujuui” (Candlelight Vigils and Democracy in Korea). Hwangyeong-gwa saengmyeong (Environment and Life) 57: 109-119.

13.

Johnston, Hank, Enrique Larana, and Joseph R. Gusfield. 1994. “Identities, Grievances, and New Social Movements.” In New Social Movements from Ideology to Identity, edited by Enrique Larana, Hank Johnston, and Joseph R. Gusfield, 3-35. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

14.

Kim, Doo-Jin. 2008. “Nationalism and the Individualism of Candle: Can ‘Sustainable Circulation’ Be Practiced?” Paper presented at the International Symposium for the 50th Anniversary of the Korean Society for Culture and Anthropology, November 11-14.

15.

Kim, Young Ok. 2009. “Yeoseongjuui gwanjeom-eseo bon chotbul jiphoe-wa yeoseong-ui jeongchijeok jucheseong” (The Candlelight Vigil and Political Subjectivity of Women from the Feminist Perspective). Asia yeoseong yeongu (Journal of Asian Women) 48.2: 7-34.

16.

Kurzman, Charlse. 2008. “Meaning Making in Social Movements” (Introduction). Anthropological Quarterly 81.1: 5-15.

17.

Lee, Hyeon Woo. 2008. “Jeongchi chamyeo yuhyeong-euroseoui chotbul jiphoe: daepyoseong-gwa byeonhwa” (Candlelight Protest as a Type of Political Participation: Its Representativeness and Change). Paper read at the conference organized by the Korean Association of International Studies, Sokcho, August 21-23.

18.

Leikas, Sointu, et al. 2007. “Food Risk Perceptions, Gender, and Individual Differences in Avoidance and Approach Motivation, Intuitive and Analytic Thinking Styles, and Anxiety.” Appetite 48: 232-240.

19.

Park, Sang-Hoon. 2008. “Candlelight Debates—Is This Street Politics or Party Politics?” OhmyNews, August 17. http://www.ohmynews.com/.

20.

Park, Yeong-gyun. 2008. “Chotbul-ui jeongchi gyeongjehakjeok baegyeonggwa jeongchihakjeok mirae” (The Political Economic Background and Political Future of Candlelight). Jinbo pyeongnon (Progressive Criticism) 37: 41-61.

21.

Raude, Jocelyn, et al. 2005. “Scientist and Public Responses to BSE-Related Risk: A Comparative Study.” Journal of Risk Research 8.7-8: 663-678.

22.

Scott, James. 1985. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven: Yale University Press.

23.

Washer, Peter. 2006. “Representations of Mad Cow Disease.” Social Science and Medicine 62: 457-466.

24.

Willis, Paul. 1981. Learning to Labor: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs. New York: Columbia University Press.

25.

Wolf, Eric R. 1990. “Facing Power—Old Insights, New Questions.” American Anthropology 92: 586-596.

26.

CNB News (http://cnbnews.com) “Cho Gabje Says ‘Protesters Bringing Their Children Are Worse Than the Criminals of Sexual Harassment.’” June 11, 2008.

27.

Chamnews (http://www.newscham.net) “Netizens Raged by a Lawmaker’s Statement: “Candlelight Protesters Must Be Idle.” June 4, 2008.

28.

Herald Media (http://biz.heraldm.com) “What Made the Baby Stroller Brigrades Stand on the Streets?” June 10, 2008.

29.

Kyunghyang.com (http://www.khan.co.kr) “President’s Inappropriate Statement on U.S. Beef.” April 22, 2008.

30.

Kyunghyang.com (http://www.khan.co.kr) “A Lawmaker Says: ‘Beef Stake Will Be Safe, Even If It Is Made of BSEDiseased Cow.’” May 6, 2008.

31.

Kyunghyang.com (http://www.khan.co.kr) “Female Warriors Led the Protests.” July 9, 2009.

32.

Mediaus (http://www.mediaus.co.kr) “Protesters Confront Riot Police Overnight.” May 25, 2008.

33.

Money Today (http://www.mt.co.kr) “The Government’s Statement on “Goe-Dam of Mad Cow Disease.” May 2, 2008.

34.

Money Today (http://www.mt.co.kr) “Markets with Good Intention Show the 10-50% of Growth Rate.” March 11, 2010.

35.

The Hankyoreh (http://www.hani.co.kr) “Fears of Living under the Unscientific Government.” April 28, 2008.

36.

The Hankyoreh (http://www.hani.co.kr) “A Mother with a Baby Stroller Blocked the Water Cannon Truck.” June 26, 2008.

37.

Antimb (http://cafe.daum.net/antimb)

38.

Baby Stroller Brigades (http://cafe.daum.net/Umom)

39.

82cook (http://www.82cook.com)

Korea Journal