open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
E-ISSN : 2733-4538
Dichotomous thinking(DT) refers to the tendency to judge objects, people or events in terms of extremes. DT can have psychopathological consequences. The binary conclusions drawn as a result of DT can lead to extreme reactions and maladaptive patterns of emotions and behaviours. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between DT and psychopathology using the clinical scales of the revised Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI-2). The participants were college students assigned to two contrast groups(DT vs normal controls) on the basis of Dichotomous Thinking Index. The DT group showed lower L, K and higher F, D, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si scale scores than the control group. This confirmed the expected relationship between DT and various domains of psychopathology. As predicted, dichotomous thinkers showed elevated MMPI-2 profiles and revealed higher level of intention to participate in psychotherapy. A result of particular importance is that the profile of dichotomous thinkers was characterized by the elevation of each Si and Ma scale(Spike 0, Spike 9) which implies contradictory self images. The correlations between DT and the various MMPI-2 scales were investigated as a preliminary exploration of future researches. A conceptual analysis of the correlations found in the present study suggests that psychopathology of DT may be categorized into five domains: 1) global dysfunction, 2) negative affect, 3) anger and alienation, 4) elation and impulsivity, and 5) disorganization of thought.
황성훈 (2007). 정신 병리에서 이분법적 사고의 역할. 서울대학교: 박사학위청구논문.
Arntz, A. (2004). Borderline personality disorder. In T. A. Beck, A. Freeman, & D. D. Davis, et al.(Eds.), Cognitive therapy of personality disorder(2nd ed., pp.187-215). New York: The Guilford Press.
Beck, A. T., & Freeman, A. (1990). Cognitive therapy of personality disorders. New York: The Guilford Press.
Beck, A. T., Rush, J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: The Guilford Press and Mark Paterson
Beck, J. S. (1995). Cognitive therapy: Basics and beyond. New York: The Guilford Press.
Ben-Porath, Y. S., Hostetler, K., Butcher, J. N., & Graham, J. R. (1989). New subscales for the MMPI-2 Social Introversion scale. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1, 169-174.
Burns, L. R., & Fedewa, B. A. (2005). Cognitive styles: Links with perfectionistic thinking. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 103-113.
Butcher, J. N., Dahlstrom, W. G., Graham, J. R., Tellegen, A., & Kaemmer, B. (1989). MMPI-2: Manual for administration and scoring. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Butcher, J. N., & Williams, C. L. (2000). Essentials of MMPI-2 and MMPI-A Interpretation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Byrne, M. S., Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (2004). Psychological predictors of weight regain in obesity. Behavior Research and Therapy, 42, 1341-1356.
Cohen, D. L., & Petrie, T. A. (2005). An examination of psychosocial correlates of disordered eating among undergraduate women. Sex Roles, 52, 29-42.
Dyck, M. J. (1992). Subscales of the dysfunctional attitude scale. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31, 333-335.
Dyck, M. J., & Agar-Wilson, J. (1997). Cognitive vulnerabilities predict medical outcome in a sample of pain patients. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 2, 41-50.
Eckhardt, C. I., & Kassinove, H. (1998). Articulated cognitive distortions and cognitive deficiencies in maritally violent men. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 12, 231-250.
Epstein, S., & Meier, P. (1989). Constructive thinking: A broad coping variable with specific components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 332-350.
Friedman, A. F., Webb, J. T., & Lewak, R. (2001). Psychological assessment with MMPI-2. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Gabbard, G. O. (2000). Psychodynamic psychiatry in clinical practice. New York: American Psychiatric Press.
Graham, J. R. (2006). MMPI-2: Assessing personality and psychopathology. New York: Oxford University Press.
Greene, R. L. (2000). The MMPI-2: An interpretive manual. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Harris, R., & Lingoes, J. (1968). Subscales for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Mimeographed materials, The Langley Porter Clinic.
Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford Press.
Litinsky, A. M., & Haslam, N. (1998). Dichotomous thinking as a sign of suicide risk on the TAT. Journal of Personality Assessment, 71, 368-378.
Mraz, W., & Runco, M. A. (1994). Suicide ideation and creative problem solving. Suicide and Life Threatening Behaviour, 24, 38-47.
Nichols, D. S. (2001). Essentials of MMPI-2 Assessment. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Nichols, D. S., & Greene, R. L. (1995). MMPI-2 structural summary interpretive manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Pretzer, J. (1990). Borderline personality disorder. In T. A. Beck, & A. Freeman, et al. (Eds.), Cognitive therapy of personality disorder (pp.176-207). New York: The Guilford Press.
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Trautman, P. D., Dopkins, S. C., & Shrout, P. E. (1990). Cognitive style and pleasant activities among female adolescent suicide attempters. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 554- 561.
Teasdale, J. D., Scott, J., Moore, R. G., Hayhurst, H., Pope, M., & Paykel, E. S. (2001). How does cognitive therapy prevent relapse in residual depression? Evidence from a controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 347-357.
Weishaar, M. E. (1996). Cognitive risk factors in suicide. In P. M. Salkovskis(Ed.), Frontiers of cognitive therapy(pp.226-249). New York: Guilford Press.
Weissman, A. N., & Beck, A. T. (1978). Development and validation of the dysfunctional attitude scale: a preliminary investigation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Toronto, Canada.
Wenzel, A., Chapman, J. E., Newman, C. F., Beck. A. T., & Brown, G. K. (2006). Hypothesized mechanisms of change in cognitive therapy for borderline personality disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 503-516.