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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
The purpose of the present investigation was to explore the psychological variables contributing to divorce which had been under proceedings in Seoul Family Court during the period from Oct. 1964 to Dec. 1965. The subject used here were of 100 pairs of married couple selected from the larger population waiting for the juristic solution. They were extremely complicated in psychological aspects. The main procedure in research adopted here was interview technique. For furtherance of understanding the deep lying personality variables, projective technique was also applied. Furthermore. the testimony from the witness was used as complementary information to strengthen the data collected by means of the method above mentioned. The present research yielded the following variables as relevant to divorce; the distance of birthplace of the couple, the difference in academic career between husband and wife, the kind of vocation, the length separation period in married couple, the degree of preparation for marriage life, criteria of choosing the espouse, human relation in family, the morality level of the couple, the degree of happiness of parents, sibling relationship and personality variables. However, other variables not mentioned here for the sake of brevity might be worthy of further research. It is of great regret that because of the lack of control group, the variables seemingly significant here, were not subjected to statistic verification.
As demands for psychological tests and their applications rapidly grow in our country, there seems to be a tendency among testers without sound background of trainings as well as among testes to treat the test results purely on mechanical basis i.e. to evaluate the person entirely by these results without giving any considerations to other observable facts. The present article stressed the significance and importance of observation in the process of diagnosing a symptom, and of the relationship between observation and tests, first by clarifying definitions and implications of these two words, and second by explaining the nature of psychological tests.
The verbal concept formation Test is used as one of the logical, abstract and generalizing mental function test, because of least deteriorations are carried or scarcely any deterioration by the maladjustment or mental disorder. Similarity subtest of the KWIS is also available as the part of the verbal concept formation test, inquiring into the similarity or commonness of the two things is also a search for the conceptual abstraction or generalization under which two objects or ideas can be subsumed. The results of the study with Similarity subtest of the KWIS suggest that the schizophrenic patients show some deteriorations in the verbal concept formation ability as well as other mental ability in quantitative view point, and qualitatively, they also show the schizophrenic queerness and schizophrenic logics.
In this study, we made an attempt not only to evaluate the validity of the Hutt Adaptation of B-G Test, but also to analyze the performances of the acting-out group on the HA of B-G Test and compare the results with that of the normal group to secure test characteristics of the acting-out group. Subjects The sbjects used in this study consisted of 21 law-breakers in a army stockade and 21 normal EM's who were the cadre personnels of an army hospital The latter group were utilized as a control group. The former group were utilized as to represent the acting-out group, and consisted of those law-breakers such as the ones who had escaped from army more than two times, the outragers and the ones who had used violence. In terms of education, all the subjects consisted of 10 elementary school graduates, 6 middle school graduates, 16 high school graduates and 10 college graduates. Procedure The HA of B-G Test was administered to each subject at a time as to copy, draw out of memory, and elaborate it. In the analysis of the performances of all the subjects, we adopted the Hutt's scoring criteria and compare the results of the analysis of the two groups performance in terms of the difference of the proportions. Results The results secured from the analysis of the performances on the Test are presented in Table I. Some general interpretations can be made from these data. 1. Significantly great many number of the acting-out group showed irregular sequence. This outcome can be interpreted as to coincide with the personality dynamics of the acting-out group. 2. Significantly small number of the figures were only drawn out of memory by the acting- out group, comparing with that of the normal group. Out of this fact, we may assume that the acting-out group's memory power could be greatly inhibited by one or another inner complex. 3. Collision factor sharply differentiated the two groups, that is, only 52% of the acting-out group showed normal performance in terms of collision factor This finding reassured us that the acting-out group was very impulsive. 4. The acting-out group showed significantly gross curvature difficulty. 5. The unexpected outcome was that the acting-out group showed signficantly high consistency in their motor movement. This unexpected finding, however, could be interpreted as to be the sign of the temporary increased conformity to the order due to their stern disciplinary life situation. But this was not anything more than an assumption and so needed further test.
With an attempt to study on the normative responses to the Rorschach ink-blots among Korean adults, we administered the Rorschach test to 100 Korean adults of both sexes, aged from 10 to 49, with a relatively even distribution of educational background among them. The subjects were screened beforehand by MMPI in order to assure their normality. Methods of administration and scoring were along the line of Klopfer (1962). A general low level of productivity (R) including fewer M, FC and F%, retarded reaction time, and a few new popular responses with omission of some responses treated as popular by Klopfer may be said conspicuous results among others.
MMPI profiles of 40 neurotic and 60 psychotic admitted patients were compared in order to evaluate the discriminating power of the test among normals, neurotics and psychotics (mostly schizophrenics). The results revealed that 1) among neurotics, the so-called neurotic triad (Hs, D, Hy) is conspicuously elevated than other factors, 2) among psychotics, the so-called psychotic tetrad (Pa, Pt, Sc, and Ma) is elevated conspicuously and more than the neurotic triad which is also elevated above the normal range. The pyramid shape of the validity profile in the psychotic group is also noteworthy when compared with that of both normal and neurotic group. However, the relatively slight difference in the degree of profile elevation between normals and neurotics or psychotics may need further considerations for factors concerned.
The purpose of this research is to improve the validity of MMPI as a diagnostic tool through examine the three validity scales of L, F and K of the test in relation to their effect of test-taking attitudes as a suppressor variable upon personality inventory. Two problems were taken for this research as follows: (1) Grasping the test-taking attitudes of each group, which shows different profiles, by examine the three hypotheses about the response tendency on. validity scales. (2) Testing the item validity about all the items contained in the three validity scales. The subjects were 500 normals and 200hospitalized psychotic patients. Among them 250 normals by random sampling were used for a tentative norm. According to two dimensions i. e. whether a subject is a normal or patient, and his MMPI profile is normal or abnormal, four experimental groups were constructed with 100 normals and 80 patients. Three hypotheses which established to solve the problem are as these: 1. High Lscores indicate the response tendency in socially desirable way. Therefore, the Group Pn should obtain the highest L scores among the four groups. 2. High F scores would be obtained when a subject would misrespond to the items because of his carelessness or thoughtlessness or ignorance about the MMPI items or excessive emotional disorders at the test situation. So, the Group Pab should reveal the highest F scores among the four groups. 3. The K scale measures the test-taking attitudes of subjects. And first, high K scores should be produced by the Group Pn owing to their conscious effort to fake good. Next, low K scores should be obtained by the Group Pab for their response tendency to bake bad or to reveal their problems in excessively frank due to their self-criticism. The methods used to solve the Problem [ was that Mean, Median and Standard Deviation of each validity scale scores were calculated for the four groups separately and then Analysis of Variance was taken. Next, on problem 2, item response frequencies for 109 items of the three validity scales were counted. And then, the item validities were examined by combinations of three conditions, item response frequency of each item, scoring direction of it and the results of problem 1. The conclusions of this research are as follows: 1. Subjects, who are different with scores of L, F and K scales of the MMPI, have signficantly different test-taking attitudes according to accepting the three hypotheses of the problem 1. 2. As a result of problem 2, 10 items among 109 items of the three validity scales are found invalid.