E-ISSN : 2733-4538
In the Deese-Roediger-McDermott(DRM) paradigm(Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995), participants are asked to learn several semantically associated word lists, to recall each list immediately after its presentation, and to recognize list words. On both recall and recognition tasks, participants often falsely recall and/or recognize “critical lures”; nonpresented words semantically associated with each list. Recently, several studies have used the DRM paradigm with trauma survivors, to clarify the features of traumatic memory. The purpose of this study was to develop trauma-related DRM lists and to provide initial benchmark data for future studies of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and false memories. Using forward and backward association methods, 10-word lists were developed around these critical lures: suicide, kidnap, fire, war, funeral, traffic accident, rape, and blood. Then, a DRM paradigm using these lists was administered to 81 college students. The results showed that participants mistakenly claimed the critical lures had been presented with frequencies of 3.7-25.9% on recall and 13.6-70.4% on recognition. These data will serve as a useful benchmark for designing experiments about false memories in PTSD patients. Limitations of the current study and implications for future research were discussed.
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