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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
본 연구에서는 얼굴표정 정서자극을 사용하여 사회불안 집단의 해석편향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 636명의 대학생 집단을 대상으로 SADS(Social Avoidance and Distress Scale)를 실시하여 고사회불안 집단(32명)과 저사회불안 집단(34명)을 선발하였다. 모든 실험 참가자들에게 사회불안 상황을 조작하였고, 이후 단일 및 군집 자극유형의 얼굴표정 자극을 제시하여 사진의 사람이나 군중들의 태도가 긍정적인지 부정적인지를 1∼5점 척도로 평정하도록 지시하였다. 그리고 집단 간 자극유형(단일자극, 군집자극)에 따른 해석편향의 차이를 알아보기 위해 삼원변량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 정서가 평정 과제에서 단일 자극유형에서는 집단 간 정서가의 차이는 유의하지 않았으나, 군집 정서유형에서는 중립 정서유형과 부정 정서유형에서 집단 간의 차이가 유의하게 나타났다. 즉, 고사회불안 집단은 군집 얼굴자극의 중립 정서유형과 부정 정서유형에서 부정적인 해석편향이 나타났다. 특히 판단하기 모호한 중립 얼굴표정 정서에 대해서도 더욱 부정적으로 해석하는 경향이 있었다. 이는 고사회불안 집단이 저사회불안 집단에 비해 군집으로 다수 얼굴자극이 제시될 때, 부정적인 얼굴표정 자극에 대해 더욱 부정적으로 해석하고, 중립적인 정서자극에 대해서도 부정적인 것으로 해석함을 의미한다. 이러한 결과는 일부 연구자들이 제안한 사회불안 증상과 관련된 해석편향의 특성을 지지하는 것이다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 함의점과 제한점, 후속연구에 관한 제언을 논의하였다.
The aim of this study was to investigate the interpretation biases of the social anxiety group using facial expression emotional stimuli. SADS(Social Avoidance and Distress Scale) was administered to 636 college students, and the high social anxiety group(32 persons) and low social anxiety group(34 persons) were selected based on the scores of this scale. The social anxiety situation was manipulated to all participants in the experiment; then, the single facial expression stimulus and the multiple facial stimulus were presented to all participants, who were asked to rate between a 1∼5 points, depending on how positive or negative the attitude to the single facial expression stimulus and multiple stimulus. Three-way ANOVA was performed in order to comprehend the differences in the interpretation biases of the single and multiple stimuli between the high social anxiety group and the low social anxiety group. The results of this study were as follows: the high social anxiety group showed the negative interpretation biases in the negative and neutral emotion type of the multiple facial stimuli. However, no differences in the single stimulus type were observed between the high social anxiety group and the low social anxiety group. In particular, the high social anxiety group showed more negative interpretation biases when there were ambiguous neutral emotional stimuli of facial expression. This means that subjects in the high social anxiety group interpreted the negative facial expression stimulus and the neutral facial expression stimulus more negatively when many facial stimuli were presented, compared to the low social anxiety group. In general, these results imply that the high social anxiety group showed the characteristics of interpretation biases in processing the facial expression emotion stimulus. The implications and limitations of this study, along with suggestions for further research were discussed.
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