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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
The purpose of this study was to examine whether different clinical features were associated with different combinations of temperament dimensions in patients with depressive disorder. A cluster analysis with three temperament dimensions in the Temperament and Characteristics Inventory subscales (Harm Avoidance, Novelty Seeking, Reward Sensitivity) was performed on 278 depressive disorder patients. Using diagnostic comorbidity and Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form, clinical features were compared in accordance with the different types of temperament. Four clusters were identified. The cluster 1 group (n=98) which is characterized by high harm avoidance and low reward dependence, have more severe typical depressive symptoms than remaining clusters. The cluster 2 group (n=40) which is characterized by not having any high dimensions, have significantly lower depressive symptoms and overall psychopathology. The cluster 4 group (n=86) who is characterized by high harm avoidance, high novelty seeking and low reward dependence, has more severe overall psychopathology except typical depressive symptoms. The cluster 3 group (n=54) which is characterized by high harm avoidance, high novelty seeking, and high reward sensitivity, have lower typical depressive symptoms than cluster 1, and have lower overall psychopathology than the cluster 4. The results implicate that there exists distinct clinical characteristics among the four different temperament types. However, the cross-sectional design did not allow for any definitive conclusion as to whether the TCI score was a premorbid trait or the result of illness.
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