자폐스페트럼장애(ASD)의 근거기반치료
Evidence Based Treatments of Autism Spectrum Disorders
신나영 (한국ABA행동발달연구소)
진동주 (연세대학교)
정은선 (연세대학교)
초록
본 연구는 국내외 ASD 치료 관련 논문을 고찰하고, 국내의 ASD 근거기반치료 가이드라인을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해먼저, ASD의 진단과 특성, 유병률, 공병률을 살펴보았고, 다음으로 해외에서 진행된 치료효과 고찰 연구들을 정리하여 ASD의 근거기반치료로 제시된 것이 무엇인지, 특정 문제에 대한 구체적인 개입요소에는 어떠한 것이 있는지를 확인하였다. 국내의 경우, 1990년에서 2018년까지 진행된 ASD 치료 관련 연구들을 해외의 고찰 논문과 동일한 기준에 준하여 종합적으로 고찰, 분석하였다. 마지막으로, 최근의 치료흐름을 반영하여 기술 기반 치료 프로그램을 사용한 국내외 문헌들을 고찰하였고, 이에 대한 구체적인 정보도 함께 제공하였다. 고찰 결과, 응용행동분석(applied behavior analysis, ABA)을 이용한 다양한 치료기법과 그 패키지가 ASD의 다양한 증상의 향상과 개선에 효과적인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 결과를 토대로 국내 ASD 근거기반치료에 관한 최종 권고안을 제시하였으며, 고찰의 시사점과 추후 연구 방향도언급하였다.
- keywords
- autism spectrum disorders, ASD, evidence-based treatment, ABA, applied behavior analysis, 자폐스펙트럼장애, ASD, 근거기반치료, ABA, 응용행동분석
Abstract
This study aimed to review Korean and foreign treatment outcome studies on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to provide treatment guidelines for persons with ASD. After summarizing the diagnostic criteria, clinical features, prevalence, and comorbidity of ASD, reviews of treatment outcome studies on ASD published outside Korea were examined to identify the evidence-based treatments for ASD. Twenty-seven specific intervention techniques were identified. Articles published in Korean journals were then analyzed using the same criteria. Subsequently, findings on the effectiveness of a technology-based intervention, a new form of treatment, were summarized based on treatment outcome studies published abroad and in Korea. The present results showed that treatment programs based on the principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA) are effective in improving the functions and abilities of persons with ASD and in reducing ASD symptoms. Based on these results, treatment guidelines for ASD are provided and future directions for domestic studies are suggested.
- keywords
- autism spectrum disorders, ASD, evidence-based treatment, ABA, applied behavior analysis, 자폐스펙트럼장애, ASD, 근거기반치료, ABA, 응용행동분석
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