open access
메뉴ISSN : 1229-8778
Drawing on HSM (Heuristic-Systematic Model)’s bias hypothesis, this study examines how the theoretical mechanism to mood effects differently affects the relationship between program-induced mood and affective ambiguity in commercial breaks, on the attitude toward brand and advertising recall. In a experiment, 108 undergraduate students evaluate advertising and brands which include three types of emotional ad appeals. Also, this study use psychophysiological measures to empirically investigate the arousal state while subjects view the TV programs. Results indicate that the proposed hypotheses receive support in that the effect of negative mood can be moderated by affective ambiguity in commercial breaks on brand attitudes. Results also show that the relationship between the positive program-induced mood and ad recall is contingent on the positive valence of advertising’s affects. Interestingly, these findings support the HSM’s bias hypothesis that suggests the interplay of heuristic and systematic processing. Additionally, our results indicate that negative program-induced mood is relatively associated with the attitude toward brands in middle-commercial breaks. Theoretical implication to advertising effectiveness literature are discussed along with disputable issues how program-induced mood affects the processing of advertising and brand.
김은희, 유승엽 (2011). 케이블 TV방송의 반복광고효과 wear-in과 wear-out에 관한 연구:광고노출조건, 프로그램 각성, 광고시간제시 및 인지욕구를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 소비자․광고, 12(4), 843-867.
김자경 (2000). TV 프로그램에 의해 유발된 소비자들의 무드 상태가 광고태도에 미치는영향. 광고학연구, 11(3), 109-146.
김재휘 (1999). 광고기억 및 광고태도와 관련된 중간광고의 효과. 광고학연구, 10(4), 59-84.
양병화 (2007). 프로그램 무드가 광고태도와기억에 미치는 영향: 감정모호성의 중재효과와 각성의 매개효과를 중심으로. 광고학연구, 12(2), 207-232.
양 윤, 구혜리 (2006). 기분, 메시지 틀, 제품관여가 제품태도와 구매의도에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 소비자․광고, 7(1), 1-22.
이현선 (2008). 프로그램 유형에 따른 중간광고에 대한 시청자 반응 연구. 한국언론정보학보, 43, 282-314.
홍종필, 이영아 (2010). TV 프로그램 전후/중간광고 포맷과 프로그램 관여도에 따른 광고효과에 관한 연구. 한국심리학회지: 소비자․광고, 11(3), 553-577.
Albarracin, D., & Kumkale, G. T. (2003). Affect as information in persuasion: A model of affect identification and discounting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(3), 453-469.
Aylesworth, A. B., & MacKenzie, S. B. (1998). Context is key: The effect of program-induced mood on thoughts about the ad. Journal of Advertising, 27(2), 17-27.
Bagozzi, R. P., Gopinath, M., & Nyer, P. U. (1999). The role of emotions in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(2), 184-206.
Bohner, G., Chaiken, S., & Hunyadi, P. (1994). The role of mood and message ambiguity in the interplay of heuristic and systematic processing. European Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 207-221.
Bower G. H. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36(2), 129-148.
Broach, V. C. Jr., Page, T. J. Jr., & Wilson, R. D. (1995). Television programming and its influence on viewers' perceptions of commercials: The role of program arousal and pleasantness. Journal of Advertising, 24(4), 4554.
Burke, M. C., & Edell, J. A. (1989). The impact of feelings on ad-based affect and cognition. Journal of Marketing Research, 26(1), 69-83.
Chaiken, S. (1980). Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(5), 752-766.
Chaiken, S. (1987). The heuristic model of persuasion. In M. P. Zanna, J. M. Olson, &C. P. Herman (eds.), Social influence: The Ontario symposium, 5, (pp.3-39), Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum.
Chaiken, S., & Maheswaran, D. (1994). Heuristic processing can bias systematic processing:Effects of source credibility, argument ambiguity, and task importance on attitude judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(3), 460-473.
Chuang, S. C., & Lin, H. M. (2007). The effect of induced positive and negative emotion and openness-to-feeling in student's consumer decision making. Journal of Business Psychology, 22, 65-78.
Clark, M. S., & Isen, A. M. (1982). Toward understanding the relationship between feeling states and social behavior. In A. H. Hastorf & A. M. Isen (eds.), Cognitive social psychology, NY: Elsvier/North-Holland.
Clore, G. L., Schwarz, N., & Conway, M. (1994). Affective causes and consequences of social information processing. In R. S. Wyer & T. K. Srull (eds.), Handbook of social cognition, (pp. 323-417), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Du Plessis, E. (2012). The advertised mind:Groundbreaking insights into how our brains respond to advertising, England: Millward Brown and Kogan Page.
Ellis, H. C., & Ashbrook, T. W. (1988). Resource allocation model of the effects of depressed mood on memory. In K. Fiedler & J. Forgas (eds.), Affect, cognition, and social behavior (pp. 25-43). Gottingen, Germany: Hogrefe.
Erez, A. & Isen, A. M. (2002). The influence of positive affect on the components of expectancy motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(6), 1055-1067.
Fedorikhin, A., & Cole, C. A. (2004). Mood effects on attitudes, perceived risk and choice:Moderators and mediators. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 14(1&2), 2-12.
Fiedler, K. (1991). On the task the measures and the mood in research on affect and social cognition. In J. P. Forgas (ed.), Emotion and social judgments (pp.83-104). Oxford: Pergamon.
Forgas, J. P. (1995). Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM). Psychological Bulletin, 117(1), 39-66.
Forgas, J. P. (2001). Introduction: Affect and social cognition, In J. P. Forgas (ed.), Handbook of Affect and Social Cognition (pp.1-24), Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Forgas, J. P. (2008). Affect and Cognition, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(2), 94-101.
Forgas, J. P., & Bower, G. H. (1987). Mood effects on person-perception judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(1), 53-60.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broadenand-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
Gardner, M. P. (1985). Mood States and Consumer Behavior: A Critical Review. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(3), 281-300.
Geuens, M., De Pelsmacker, P., & Faseur, T. (2011). Emotional advertising: Revisiting the role of product category. Journal of Business Research, 64(4), 418-426.
Goldberg, M. E., & Gorn, G. J. (1987). Happy and sad TV programs: How they affect reactions to commercials. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(3), 387-403.
Gorn, G., Pham, M. T., & Sin, L. Y. (2001). When arousal influences ad evaluation and valence does not (and vice versa). Journal of Consumer Psychology, 11(1), 43-55.
Herr, P. M., Page, C. M., Pfeiffer, B. E., & Davis, D. F. (2012). Affective influences on evaluative processing. Journal of Consumer Research, 38(5), 833-845.
Hill, R. P., & Ward, J. C. (1989). Mood manipulation in marketing research: An examination of potential confounding effects. Journal of Marketing Research, 26(1), 97-104.
Holbrook, M. B., & O’Shaughnessy, J. (1984). The role of emotion in advertising. Psychology and Marketing, 1(2), 45-64.
Isen, A. M. (2001). An influence of positive affect on decision making in complex situations:Theoretical issues with practical implications. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 11(2), 75-85.
Isen, A. M. (2004). Some perspectives on positive feelings and emotions: Positive affect facilitates thinking and problem solving. In A. S. R. Manstead, N. Frijda, & A. Fischer (eds.), Feelings and emotions: The Amsterdam symposium (pp.263-281). NY: Cambridge University Press.
Isen, A. M., & Patrick, R. (1983). The effect of positive feelings on risk taking: When the chips are down. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 31(2), 194-202.
Kuvaas, B., & Kaufmann, G. (2004). Impact of mood, framing, and need for cognition on decision makers’ recall and confidence. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 17(1), 59-74.
Laxtha Inc. (2010). HRV Addon Manual. Seoul:Laxtha.
Lord, K. R., & Burnkrant, R. E. (1993). Attention versus distraction: The interactive effect of program involvement and attentional devices on commercial processing. Journal of Advertising, 22(1), 47-60.
Martin, B. A. S. (2003). The influence of gender on mood effects in advertising. Psychology &Marketing, 20(3), 249-273.
Mathur, M., & Chattopadhayay, A. (1991). The impact of moods generated by television programs on responses to advertising. Psychology & Marketing, 8(1), 59-77.
Mitchell, R. L. C., & Phillips, L. H. (2007). The psychological, neurochemical and functional neuroanatomical mediators of the effects of positive and negative mood on executive functions. Neuropsychologia, 45(4), 617-629.
Moorman, M., Neijens, P. C., & Smit, E. G. (2007). The effects of program involvement on commercial exposure and recall in a naturalistic setting. Journal of Advertising, 36(1), 121-137.
Moorman, M., Willemsen, L. M., Neijens, P. C., & Smit, E. G. (2012). Program-involvement effects on commercial attention and recall of successive and embedded advertising. Journal of Advertising, 41(2), 25-37.
Norris, C. E., Colman, A. M., & Aleixo, P. A. (2003). Selective exposure to television programmes and advertising effectiveness. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17(5), 593-606.
Pham, M. T. (1998). Representativeness, relevance, and the use of feelings in decision making. Journal of Consumer Research, 25(2), 144-159.
Schwarz, N., & Bless, H. (1991). Happy and mindless, but sad and smart? The impact of affective states on analytic reasoning. In J. Forgas (ed.), Emotion and social judgments (pp. 55-71). NY: Pergamon.
Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. L. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being:Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(3), 513-523.
Shapiro, S., MacInnis, D. J., & Park, C. W. (2002). Understanding program-induced mood effects: Decoupling arousal from valence. Journal of Advertising, 31(4), 15-26.
Sunder, S. S., & Kalyanaraman, S. (2004). Arousal, memory, and impression-formation effects of animation speed in Web advertising. Journal of Advertising, 33(1), 7-17.
Turley, L. W., & Shannon, J. R. (2000). The impact and effectiveness of advertisements in a sports arena. Journal of Services Marketing, 14(4), 323-336.
White, K., & McFarland, C. (2009). When are moods most likely to influence consumer's product preferences? The role of mood focus and perceived relevance of moods. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19(3), 526-536.
Zeithamova, D., & Maddox, W. T. (2006). Dual-task interference in perceptual category learning. Memory & Cognition, 34(2), 387-398.