ISSN : 3059-0604
Let f : (X, A) <TEX>${\rightarrow}$</TEX> (Y, B) be a map of pairs of compact polyhedra. A surplus Nielsen root number <TEX>$SN(f;X\;{\backslash}\;A,\;c)$</TEX> is defined which is lower bound for the number of roots on X \ A for all maps in the homotopy class of f. It is shown that for many pairs this lower bound is the best possible one, as <TEX>$SN(f;X\;{\backslash}\;A,\;c)$</TEX> can be realized without by-passing condition.