open access
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open access
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ISSN : 0376-4672
Objective : To improve the remineralization effect of fluoride adhesion film, we developed a double-layers adhesive film, and then evaluate its physical properties and fluoride-releasing ability. Methods : The tensile strength, elongation, dissolution rate and fluoride-releasing capacity characteristics of the adhesive films were analyzed. Results : There was no variation in thickness among the adhesive films. The tensile strength was highest in the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) adhesive film and lowest in the pullulan adhesive film. The elongation rate was highest in pullulan film, followed by PVA-pullulan film and PVA film. Compared with the PVA adhesive film, the double-layer adhesive film exhibited higher fluoride ion emission for up to 60 minutes. Adhesive films had greater fluoride ion emission than fluoride varnish after 6 hours of application. Conclusion : The tensile strength and elongation characteristics of double-layer adhesive films were superior to those of single-layer adhesive films. PVA-pullulan double-layer adhesive film had very high initial fluoride ion emission compared with PVA adhesive film and fluoride varnish. This increased fluoride ion emission may compensate for the disadvantages of fluoride varnish and PVA adhesive film. The above results indicate that the PVA-pullulan double-layer adhesive film has improved physical properties and fluoride-releasing capacity compared with conventional PVA adhesive film.
A palatally displaced maxillary lateral incisor is related to the lack of space in the maxillary arch, and extraction orthodontic treatment is required in many cases. This case report describes two adolescent patients with a palatally displaced maxillary lateral incisor treated with two different extraction patterns. In case 1, an 18-year-old female patient whose left mandibular first molar was planned to be extracted was treated by extraction of the first molars from the left and the first premolars from the right. In Case 2, a 16-year-old male patient with a gingival recession of the mandibular incisor was treated by the extraction of four incisors from both arches. A good functional occlusion was established in both cases as a result of treatment. In the treatment of palatally displaced maxillary lateral incisors, asymmetric extraction or removal of the incisors can be a good treatment option if the indication is selected properly considering the prognosis of the teeth, the condition of the prosthesis, and mucogingival conditions
Osseointegration means the interlocking of bone and implant surface. The surface of dental implants played a key role for osseointegration. Commercially pure titanium implants (CPTi) grade 4 implant shows high corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. Most commercial implants use this Titanium and modify the surface with moderate roughness (1~100μm). Moderately roughness offers most effective bone to implant contact and highest removal torque based on the biological stability. As in the surface roughness, biofilm can be formed easily, peri-implantitis is a next challenge of the implant surface modification. It has been expected to overcome the biological complication of dental implants with the nano technology. However, nano technology has been studied limitedly in the laboratory. The implant surface will be developed with the aim of having fast osseointegration, long-term BIC interlocking, and high bacterial resistance.
The advancement of guided bone regeneration (GBR), which restores various types of bone defects faster and more safely, broadens the implant indications and opens up many possibilities. However, planning sufficient regeneration in severe vertical and horizontal bone defects, especially in periodontally compromised patients, is not easy. For the successful guided bone regeneration procedure, the clinician must carefully analyze the form of bone destruction in three dimensions and strictly select the appropriate membrane and bone graft material accordingly. In addition, key factors for GBR success such as blood supply, graft material and membrane stability, and primary closure should always be considered. Soft-tissue management and optimized flap design, various membrane fixation techniques seem to be another important factor for long-term success.
Among the treatment options to overcome the reduced vertical height of atrophied ridges in both posterior maxilla and mandible, short-length implants have been studied for the clinical outcomes compared to the standard-length implants accompanied with advanced surgeries including sinus floor elevation and vertical ridge augmentation. In this paper, biomechanical considerations associated with short implants, clinical studies and results including the survival rates, marginal bone resorption and complications were reviewed as well as the treatment guidelines for the resorbed maxilla and mandible.