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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
본 연구의 목적은 Cloninger(1987, 2004)가 제안한 기질-성격 모형을 구성하는 기질차원과 성격차원이 심리적 적응, 성격적 강점, 그리고 전통적 성격장애와 어떻게 관련되는지를 탐색하는 것이었다. 또한 본 연구자들은 변화와 수용이라는 주제로 수렴되고 있는 심리치료의 최신동향 및 인간의 행복과 적응에 대한 긍정임상심리학적 관심사를 기질-성격 모형과 접목시킴으로써, 이 모형의 진단적 유용성을 검토하고 더 나아가서 치료적 함의를 도출하려고 시도하였다. 연구 결과, 자극추구와 위험회피 기질차원이 강할수록, 사회적 민감성과 인내력 기질차원이 약할수록, 그리고 자율성과 연대감 및 자기초월 성격차원이 미성숙할수록 심리적 적응에 전반적으로 불리하고 성격장애에 대체적으로 취약하다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 또한 기질차원은 특정한 성격적 강점들과 상관이 있었으며, 강약의 방향에 따라서 취약성과 탄력성을 모두 내포하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로, 본 연구자들은 기질-성격 모형의 의미와 타당성, 그리고 성격의 성숙을 통한 기질의 조절이라는 주제에 대해 이론적 및 경험적으로 논의하였으며, 본 연구의 임상적 의의와 제한점에 대해서 언급하였다.
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical implications of Cloninger(1987, 2004)'s temperament-character model of personality through grafting current psychotherapeutic approaches (focusing on change and acceptance) and positive psychological researches (in which examine happiness and adaptation) onto the suggested model. In order to explore the relationships temperament-character dimensions of personality with psychological adaptation, character strengths, and personality disorders, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used. We found that psychological maladaptation and personality disorders were generally related to high novelty seeking, high harm avoidance, low reward dependence, low persistence of temperament dimensions, and low self-directedness, low cooperativeness, low self-transcendence of character dimensions. Furthermore, temperament dimensions were separately related to specific character strengths and specific clusters of personality disorders. These results showed that temperament dimensions operate both vulnerable and resilient manner upon adaptation. Based on the results, the authors discussed the meaning of the temperament regulation through character maturation in theoretical and empirical manner. Finally, the limitations of this study were discussed along with suggestions for further research.
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