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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
The Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth edition (K-WAIS-IV) is used in clinical practice as a typical intelligence test, and its clinical usefulness has been empirically demonstrated. A theoretical framework regarding the nature of the test has not yet been established in Korea. The aim of this study is to establish a framework for better understanding of the test. Specifically, we compared the Wechsler and the CHC structural models in respect to the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory, the representative psychometric theory to describe the nature of the cognitive abilities. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with data from the K-WAIS-IV normative sample(N=1,228) showed that the CHC structural model fitted the data significantly better than did the Wechsler structural model. The significant difference between the two models appeared in the Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI) of the Wechsler model, which is separated into Fluid reasoning (Gf) and Visual processing (Gv) in the CHC model. Arithmetics subtest in the Wechsler model is relevant for the WMI, while it is included in both Gf and Gsm factors in the CHC model. These results suggested that separate examination of Gf and Gv, rather than the combined PRI, would be more effective in explaining cognitive abilities. Based on this finding, we argue that clinicians should interpret the test with Gf and Gv, particularly when there is significant variability between the subtests constituting the PRI. We also discussed the interpretation of the subtests composing each of the CHC indices. This study is the first attempt in Korea to provide important insights into how to relate clinical practice with the extant theories of human cognitive ability.
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