본 연구는 유도된 자기초점주의가 자서전적 기억의 과일반화에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 하였고, 일반화 기억을 범주기억과 연장기억으로 나누어 자서전적 기억 변화의 구체적 특징을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 대학생을 대상으로 BDI를 실시하여 우울집단 40명과 비우울집단 39명을 선정하였고, 각 집단 내에서 자기초점조건과 주의분산조건으로 무선할당 하였다. 처치 전후에 각각 제시된 단어를 단서로 하여 자서전적 기억을 작성하였고. 처치조작은 지시에 따라 주의를 집중하도록 요구되었으며, 처치조작 설문으로 조작점검을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 자기초점조건에서 처치 후 우울집단의 일반기억이 증가하여 자기초점주의로 인한 자서전적 기억의 과일반화가 확인되었고, 비우울집단에 비해 그 증가량이 높았다. 또한 기억의 세부적 특징을 살펴본 결과, 이러한 변화는 연장기억이 아닌 범주기억의 증가에 의한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. 연장기억의 변화량은 유의하지 않았으나, 범주기억은 처치후 우울집단과 비우울집단에서 모두 유의한 증가량을 보였으며, 비우울집단에 비해 우울집단에서 더욱 큰 변화량을 확인하였다. 끝으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점, 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 하였다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-focused attention on overgeneral autobiographical memory(AM) in depressive person through experiment. Overgeneral AM was classified as extended descriptions and categorical descriptions. The subjects(n=79) were divided into the depressive group and non-depressive group based on self-report measure of depression(BDI) scores and the participants of two groups were randomly assigned into the self-focused attention group and distracted group. Each group was manipulated in self-focused attention or distraction. Overgeneral AM were measured pre-and post-manipulation. The results indicated that overgeneral AM was increased more in depressive group than non-depressive group and the increased overgenerality in depressive group was attributable to the excess of categoric descriptions. And extended memory was not significant in self-focused attention group and distracted group. This study has proved experimentally the relation of self-focused attention, overgeneral autobiographical memory. Finally, Implication and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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