본 연구에서는 데이트폭력 피해 경험이 복합 외상후 스트레스를 경유하여 경계선 성격 경향성으로 이어지는 경로에 대해 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 대인관계적 외상의 한 형태인 데이트폭력 경험이 경계선 성격 경향성 형성에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 복합 외상후 스트레스의 매개효과를 검증하였고, 개인의 회복 자원이 되는 회복탄력성과 사회적 지지의 수준에 따라 달라지는지 조절된 매개효과를 확인하였다. 참가자들은 데이트폭력 경험이 있는 전국의 만 20~39세 미혼 여성 436명으로, 온라인 설문지를 통해 데이트폭력 피해 경험, 복합 외상후 스트레스 수준, 경계선 성격 경향성, 회복탄력성, 사회적 지지의 문항에 응답하였다. 수집된 자료는 다중회귀분석을 통해 데이트폭력 유형별 영향력을 검증하였고, Process Macro 3.1을 활용하여 매개효과, 조절효과, 조절된 매개효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 측정변인들 중 데이트폭력 피해 경험과 경계선 성격 경향성, 복합 외상후 스트레스 수준에는 정적 상관이 나타났고, 이들은 회복탄력성 및 사회적 지지와는 부적 상관을 보였다. 둘째, 데이트폭력의 유형 중 정서적 폭력만이 복합 외상후 스트레스 및 경계선 성격 경향성을 유의미하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 데이트폭력 피해와 경계선 성격 경향성의 관계에서 복합 외상후 스트레스의 완전매개효과를 확인하였다. 넷째, 데이트폭력 피해 경험이 복합 외상후 스트레스로 이어지는 경로에서는 회복탄력성과 사회적 지지의 조절효과가 나타나지 않았으나, 데이트폭력 피해를 완전매개한 복합 외상후 스트레스 수준이 경계선 성격 경향성에 영향을 미치는 과정에서는 조절효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 다섯째, 데이트폭력과 경계선 성격 경향의 관계에서 복합 외상후 스트레스의 간접효과가 회복탄력성과 사회적 지지 수준에 따라 변화되는 조절된 매개효과를 검증하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구결과를 통해 향후 데이트폭력 피해자들의 상담 및 심리치료 개입 방안에 대해 논의하였고, 후속연구를 위해 본 연구의 제한점 및 한계점을 제시하였다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dating violence on individuals with borderline personality tendency through complex posttraumatic stress. In particular, this study examined the moderated mediating effect of complex posttraumatic stress through resilience and social support on the influence of dating violence on borderline personality tendency. For this purpose, 436 unmarried women aged 20-39 years who had experiences of dating violence were measured and analyzed levels of dating violence, complex posttraumatic stress, borderline personality characteristics, resilience, and social support. The results of the analysis were as follows: First, a statistically significant relationship was shown between the variable of dating violence, borderline personality traits, and complex posttraumatic stress levels, and these showed a negative correlation with resilience and social support. Second, among the types of dating violence assessed, only emotional violence significantly predicted complex posttraumatic stress and borderline personality tendency. Third, the full mediation effect of complex posttraumatic stress was confirmed in the relationship between dating violence and borderline personality tendency. Fourth, there was no moderating effect of resilience and social support on the path from dating violence to complex posttraumatic stress. However, it was confirmed that the complex posttraumatic stress level that fully mediated the dating violence had a moderating effect on the borderline personality tendency. Fifth, as a result of verifying the moderated mediating effect, it was further confirmed that when the resilience and the social support levels were high, the effect of dating violence mediated by complex posttraumatic stress on the formation of borderline personality tendency was mitigated. Finally, this study suggested the implications for counseling and psychotherapy interventions for victims of dating violence in the future.
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