E-ISSN : 2733-4538
The present study was conducted to examine the differences of visuoconstructive functioning between dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and vascular dementia (VaD) according to the severity of dementia. The Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) was administered to 98 DAT, 63 VaD, and 102 healthy elderly (NC). Three groups did not differ in age and education. There was no difference between DAT and VaD in the severity of dementia assessed by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) and Korean-Mini Mental State Examination. Copy trial of the RCFT was scored based on Taylor's classical 18-units scoring system and the Bernstein- Waber's Developmental Scoring System (DSS). DAT and VaD did not differ on the total copy score and all the measures of DSS (organization, style, and error), whereas these two groups showed significant deficits compared with NC. Each dementia group was divided into 3 subgroups based on the CDR score; very mild (0.5), mild (1.0), and moderately (2.0) demented groups. Progressive impairments of visuoconstructive functioning were found in DAT, as the severity of dementia increased. More distortions or omissions of the configurational structures and left-side part were found in “mild” than “very mild” DAT, whereas more deficits in internal details and right-side part were found in “moderate” than “mild” DAT. A significant deterioration in visuoconstructive functioning in VaD was also found, as the severity of dementia increased. Unlike the DAT, however, there was no difference between “very mild” and “mild” VaD, whereas moderately demented VaD showed more deficits in configurational structures than “mild” VaD. These results were also confirmed by the analyses based on the DSS. This study suggests that there would be significant differences in the deterioration process of visuoconstructive functioning between the DAT and the VaD.
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