E-ISSN : 2733-4538
This study was carried out to investigate relationships among depression, self-esteem and interpersonal problems in adults with ADHD tendency, and to explore several sub-clusters within the ADHD group, and to compare the differences among the sub-clusters. To accomplish these purposes, we 1) classified participants into ADHD tendency and normal groups using Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale-Korean(CAARS-K), and compared the group difference in child and adult ADHD subscale, depression, self-esteem and interpersonal problems, 2) examined relationships among these scales using correlation, factor and multiple regression/correlation analyses, 3) identified several sub-clusters within the ADHD group using a K-means Cluster Analysis with depression, self-esteem and interpersonal problem scales, and compared the differences among subgroups in several aspects. The results indicated that 1) participants with ADHD tendency showed prominent problems in depression, self-esteem and interpersonal problems, 2) the cluster analysis revealed three sub-clusters (externalization, internalization and adaptation). Results of ANOVA with these subgroups indicated that the internalization sub-cluster showed the characteristic of elevated depression, lowered self-esteem, and social withdrawal and coldness, whereas the externalization sub-cluster showed more aggression, control-dominance and over-intervention.
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