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The Linguistic Characteristics of Initiative Time Latencyas Silence and the Outcome of Psychotherapy

Abstract

The initiative time latency (ITL) is the silence that exists in the middle of one verbalization by one speaker. In a previous study, the client ITL was facilitative and the counselor ITL was non-facilitative when it measured by the client experiencing scale. This study examined the immediate outcome of the client/counselor ITL by measuring the coherence of verbalization in relation to the case outcome, success and failure. The coherence of the verbalization that exists just after the silence has a strong relationship with the category of the turn-taking signals that are included in the verbalizations just before the silence. So the coherence of the verbalization that exists just after the client/counselor ITL must be examined in combine with the category of the turn-taking signals in the verbalizations that exists just before the client/counselor ITL. To do this, we examined one successful case and one unsuccessful case that were managed by one counselor. The cases were continued 30 sessions long with agreed termination. And all the silences that exist in the middle of the clients' and the counselor's verbalizations were extracted. After then the category of the turn-taking signals (verbalization finishing and continuing) included in the verbalizations just before the silences and the level of coherence (high, low, unrelated issues) of the verbalizations just after the silences were coded. The frequencies and the percentages of the silences of each condition were calculated and the differences were tested (χ2). The client ITL of the unsuccessful case which was facilitative by the client experiencing scale was no more facilitative when it was measured by the coherence. And the level of coherence was significantly different between the category of turn-taking signals and the case outcome. For the successful case, most of the client's verbalizations after the ITLs were highly coherent after finishing speaking as well as after giving the signal for continued speaking. But in the unsuccessful case, the percentages of low coherence and unrelated issues were relatively high even after giving the signals for continued speaking.

keywords
silence, client initiative time latency, counselor initiative time latency, turn-taking signal, coherence, silence, client initiative time latency, counselor initiative time latency, turn-taking signal, coherence, 침묵, 내담자 잠재주도시간, 상담자 잠재주도시간, 화자 전환 단서, 발언 응집력

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