E-ISSN : 2733-4538
The primary aim of this study was to examine the relative impacts of cognitive defusion treatment on anxiety responses to a public-speaking situation, the emotional discomfort and believability of self-referential thoughts, and the degree of attentional bias, as compared to a thought distraction treatment. A secondary aim of the current study was to explore the role of psychological flexibility as a moderator in these treatment effects. University students were randomly assigned to either cognitive defusion(n=27) or thought distraction(n=23) conditions. As expected, under the cognitive defusion condition, a greater decrease was observed in subjective anxiety responses to an impromptu speech situation and the emotional discomfort and believability of negative self-referential thoughts when compared with the thought distraction condition. Next, the partial effects of the cognitive defusion treatment on diastolic blood pressure and pulse immediately after relaxation period were moderated by the levels of psychological flexibility. Moreover, psychological flexibility was shown to moderate the efficacy of the cognitive defusion treatment on the believability of negative self-referential thoughts immediately after the speech. In addition, under the cognitive defusion condition, the extent of cognitive interference on a modified Stroop task showed a greater reduction when compared with the thought distraction condition, when controlling for treatment expectancy and psychological flexibility. In conclusion, the results suggest that cognitive defusion is a useful intervention for reducing speech anxiety responses and the emotional discomfort and believability of negative self-referential thoughts, and that psychological flexibility may emerge as a moderator of the relative efficacy of cognitive defusion.
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