open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
E-ISSN : 2733-4538
The current study examined the reliability and validity of the Korean Defeat Scale(K-DS) developed by Gilbert and Allan(1998), and examined defeat and entrapment may be best conceptualized as a single factor or not. University students who agreed to take part in this study completed the defeat/entrapment scale along with other psychometric measures. In study 1, result of exploratory factor analysis showed that single factor structure accounted for 57.89% of the variance on the K-DS including 12 items. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a satisfactory construct validity by showing good factor loadings and fit indices also showed the goodness-of-fit for a single factor model. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity and incremental validity were also acceptable. In study 2, based on the result of parallel analysis, defeat and entrapment may be best conceptualized as multi factors. Limitations and implications of the current study were discussed.
권정혜, 이소영 (2008). 부부의 외적 속박감 및 상대적 지위 지각에 따른 분노표현과 결혼만족도. 한국심리학회지: 임상. 27(1), 69-84.
박광배, 신민섭 (1990). 고등학생의 대학입시 목표와 자살생각. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 10(1), 298-314.
박영주, 신나미, 한금선, 강현철, 천숙희, 신현정 (2011). 서울시내 인문계 고등학생의 우울 실태 및 속박감의 매개효과. 대한간호학회지, 41(5), 663-672.
배병렬 (2009). Amos 17.0 구조방정식모델링: 원리와 실제. 서울: 청람.
양병화 (1998). 다변량 자료분석의 이해와 활용. 서울: 학지사.
오세만, 민경준, 박두병 (1999). 병원 불안-우울 척도에 관한 표준화 연구. 신경정신의학, 38(2), 289-296.
이소영, 조현주, 권정혜, 이종선 (2014). 패배감이 불안과 우울에 미치는 영향: 자기인식과 속박감의 순차중다매개효과. 인지행동치료, 14(2), 285-303.
이종선, 조현주 (2012). 한국판 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도 연구. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 31(1), 239-259.
이종선, 강민철, 조현주 (2012). 외적 속박감이 자살사고에 미치는 영향: 부정적 정서의 매개효과 및 정서대처 탄력성의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 31(4), 883-905.
이학식, 임지훈 (2008). 구조방정식모형분석과 AMOS 7.0. 서울: 법문사.
천숙희 (2008). 청소녀의 지각된 속박감, 분노 및 우울의 관계. 여성건강간호학회지, 14(4), 239-247.
천숙희 (2012). 성별에 따른 대학생의 일상적 스트레스, 사회적지지, 속박감 및 정신건강의 관계. 여성건강간호학회지, 18(3), 223-235.
최윤영, 조현주, 권정혜, 이종선 (2013). 우울취약성과 자살사고의 관계: 속박패배감의 매개효과. 인지행동치료, 13(3), 329-349.
홍세희 (2000). 구조 방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거, 한국심리학회지: 임상, 19(1), 161-177.
홍세희 (2001). 임상심리학 이론의 경험적 검증을 위한 최신 연구방법론: 구조방정식 모형을 이용한 매개모형과 잠재평균모형의 분석. 2001년 3월 워크샵 자료집, 한국임상심리학회.
Ahmet, A., Recep, U., Nihan, Ç, Ümran, A. (2013). The validity and reliability of Turkish version of the defeat scale. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(3), 660-666.
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, G. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423.
Beck, A. T., Kovacs, M., & Weissman, A. (1979). Assessment of suicidal intention: The scale for suicidal ideation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 343-352.
Fabriger, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C., & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological methods, 4(3), 272.
Gilbert, P. & Allen, S. (1998). The role of defeat and entrapment (arrested flight) in depression: An exploration of an evolutionary view. Psychological Medicine, 28, 585-598.
Gilbert, P. & Miles, N. V. M (2000). Sensitivity to social put-down: it’s relationship to perceptions of social rank, shame, social anxiety, depression, anger and self-other blame. Personality and Individual Differences, 29(4), 757-774.
Gilbert, P., Allan, S., Brough, S., Melley, S., & Miles, J. N. V. (2002). Relationship of anhedonia and anxiety to social rank, defeat and entrapment. Journal of affective disorders, 71, 141-151.
Johnson, J., Gooding, P., & Tarrier, N. (2008). Suicide risk in schizophrenia: Explanatory models and clinical implications. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 81, 55-77.
Ledesma, R. D., & Valero-Mora, P. (2007). Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: an easy to use computer program for carring out parallel analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 12(2), 1-11.
O'Connor, B. P. (2000). SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer's MAP test. Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation, and Computers, 32, 396-402.
O'Connor, B. P. “SPSS, SAS, and MATLAB Programs for determining the number of components and factors using parallel analysis and Velicer's MAP Test.” https://people.ok.ubc.ca/brioconn/ nfactors/nfactors.html
O'Connor, R. C., Smyth, R., Ferguson, E., Ryan, C., & Williams, J. G. (2013). Psychological process and repeat suicidal behavior: a four-year prospective study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81(6), 1137-1143.
Panagioti, M., Gooding, P., Taylor, P., Tarrier, N. (2012). Negative self-appraisals and suicidal behavior among trauma victims experiencing PTSD symptoms: the mediating role of defeat and entrapment. Depression and Anxiety, 29, 187-194.
Rasmussen, S. A., Fraser, L., Gotz, M., MacHale, S., Mackie, R., Masterton, G., McConachie, S., & O'Connor, R. C. (2010). Elaborating the cry of pain model of suicidality: testing a psychological model in a sample of first-time and repeat self-harm patients. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 15-30.
Rooke, O., & Birchwood, M. (1998). Loss, humiliation and entrapment as appraisals of schizophrenic illness: A prospective study of depressed and non-depressed patients. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37, 259-268.
Sloman, L., Gilbert, P., & Hasey, G. (2003). Evolved mechanisms in depression: The role and interaction of attachment and social rank in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 74, 107-121.
Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: an interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 173-180.
Sturman, E. D., & Mongrain, M. (2005). Self-criticism and major depression: an evolutionary perspective. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44, 505-519.
Tang, N. K. Y, Goodchild, C. E., Hester, J., & Salkovskis, P. M. (2010). Mental defeat is linked to interference, distress and disability in chronic pain. Pain, 149, 547-554.
Taylor, P. J., Gooding, P., Wood, A. M., & Tarrier, N. (2011). The role of defeat and entrapment in depression, anxiety, and suicide. Psychological Bulletin, 137(3), 391-420.
Taylor, P. J., Wood, A. M., Gooding, P., & Terrier, N. (2010). Appraisals and suicidality: the mediating role of defat and entrapment. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(3), 236-247.
Taylor, P. J., Wood, A. M., Gooding, P., Johnson, J., & Tarrier, N. (2009). Are defeat and entrapment best defined as a single construct? Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 795-797.
Tedesch, R., & Calhoun, I. G. (1996). Posttraumatic growth inventory: measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9, 455-472.
Trachsel, M., Krieger, T., Gilbert, P., & Holtforth, M. G. (2010). Testing a German adaptation of the entrapment scale and assessing the relation to depression. Depression Research and Treatment, 1-10.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Pscyhiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.