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This paper presents a current review of existing evidence-based treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), with a description of “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” (CBT), which encompasses “Exposure and Response Prevention” (ERP) and “Cognitive Therapy” (CT), and “Acceptance and Commitment Therapy” (ACT). Based on meta-analyses and systematic reviews including randomized-controlled trials (RCTs), American Psychological Association (division 12) suggests that both ERP and CT have a “strong/well-established” evidence base, and ACT has a “modest/probably efficacious” evidence base. A literature search for domestic clinical trials, however, revealed that while no RCTs had examined the efficacy of CBT or ACT for OCD, a pretest-posttest design trial had examined the efficacy of group CBT and a quasi-experimental design trial had examined computer-based CBT. Based on this evidence, CBT for OCD is deemed to have a “modest/probably efficacious” evidence base in Korea. Finally, challenges to the treatment of OCD and future directions are suggested.
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