바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

Korean Journal of School Psychology

The Relations between Aggression and Peer Status among Elementary Students: Moderation Effects of Prosocial Behaviors and Social Competence

Abstract

In a group of 353 elementary students, the present study examined the moderation effects of prosocial behaviors and social competence in the relations between overt/relational aggression and peer status (social preference and perceived popularity). The results indicate that both overt aggression and relational aggression lowered social preference regardless of gender. Prosocial behaviors and social competence did not buffer the negative influence of aggression on social preference. Among boys, overt aggression was a significant predictor of increased perceived popularity. Although inconsistent, relational aggression also predicted boys' perceived popularity. However, among girls, relational aggression, not overt aggression, was associated with perceived popularity. The moderation effects of prosocial behaviors and social competence were significant only among boys. In other words, boys' aggression, although it lowers social preference, contributes to their social influence and dominance when it is effectively combined with positive characteristics. It is necessary to develop new intervention strategies which reflect the adaptive function of aggression within peer groups.

keywords
overt aggression, relational aggression, social preference, perceived popularity, prosocial behaviors, social competence, overt aggression, relational aggression, social preference, perceived popularity, prosocial behaviors, social competence, 외현적 공격성, 관계적 공격성, 사회적 선호도, 지각된 인기도, 친사회적 행동, 사회적 유능성

Reference

1.

고윤주, 김영신 (2003). 주의력결핍 및 과잉행동 문제가 있는 아동의 또래수용도와 상호적 친구관계. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 16(4), 1-21.

2.

김동현, 이규미 (2010). 초등학생의 또래지위와 공격성과의 관계: 선호도, 인기도를 중심으로. 초등교육연구, 23(2), 175-194.

3.

김은아, 이승연 (2011). 남녀 중학생의 또래괴롭힘 방어행동과 공감, 자기효능감, 학급규준에 대한 믿음의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 24(1), 59-77.

4.

도금혜, 최보가 (2007). 청소년의 또래집단이 지각한 인기도에 영향을 미치는 생태학적 변인. 한국청소년연구, 18, 107-134.

5.

도금혜, 최보가, 이지민 (2005). 청소년의 사회측정적 인기도 및 지각된 인기도와 공격성과의 관계. 대한가정학회지, 43, 57-67.

6.

도금혜, 최보가, 이지민 (2006). 청소년의 지각된 인기도에 따른 공격성과 자아존중감. 대한가정학회지, 44, 1-11.

7.

박금옥 (1998). 청소년들의 자기조정학습방략 정도와 학업성취 및 사회적 능력 연구. 동아대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.

8.

송경희, 이승연 (2010). 청소년의 마음읽기 능력과 또래괴롭힘의 관계: 도덕적 이탈, 도덕적 정서의 매개효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 23(3), 105-124.

9.

심희옥 (2007). 또래괴롭힘과 외현과 관계적 공격성에 대한 횡단 및 종단연구: 성별을 중심으로. 한국생활과학회지, 16(6), 1107- 1118.

10.

이경희, 오경자 (1998). 관계지향 공격성 및 외현화 공격성과 심리사회적 적응간의 관계. 한국심리학회 연차학술대회 논문집.

11.

유안진, 한유진, 김진경 (2002). 초기 청소년의 공격성과 또래관계의 질. 아동학회지, 23 (3), 79-90.

12.

정승민 (2005). 아동이 지각한 사회적 지지와 자아개념이 사회적 유능성에 미치는 영향. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.

13.

청소년폭력예방재단 (2009). 2009년도 전국 학교폭력 실태조사 보고서.

14.

Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (1998). Peer power: Preadolescent culture and identity. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

15.

Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publication.

16.

Cairns, R. B., Cairns, B. D., Neckerman, H., Gest, S., & Gariepy, J. L. (1988). Social networks and aggressive behavior: Peer support or peer rejection? Developmental Psychology, 24, 815-823.

17.

Caravita, S. C. S., Di Blasio, P., & Salmivalli, C. (2009). Unique and interactive effects of empathy and social status on involvement in bullying. Social Development, 18, 140-163.

18.

Cillessen, A. H. N., & Mayeux, L. (2004). From censure to reinforcement: Developmental changes in the association between aggression and social status. Child Development, 75, 147-163.

19.

Coie, J. D., & Dodge, K. A. (1998). Aggression and antisocial behavior. In W. Damon (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology (pp.779-862). New York: Wiley.

20.

Crick, N. R. (1996). The role of overt aggression, relational aggression, and prosocial behavior in the prediction of children's future social adjustment. Child Development, 67, 2317-2327.

21.

Crick, N. R. (1997). Engagement in gender normative versus nonnormative forms of aggression: Links to social-psychological adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 33, 610-617.

22.

Crick, N. R., & Grotpeter, J. K. (1995). Relational aggression, gender, and social-psychological adjustment. Child Development, 66, 710-722.

23.

Cyranowski, J., & Frank, E. (2000). Adolescent onset of the gender difference in lifetime rates of major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 21-27.

24.

Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 115-134.

25.

Grotpeter, J. K., & Crick, N. R. (1996). Relational aggression, overt aggression, and friendship. Child Development, 67, 2328-2338.

26.

Henington, C., Hughes, J. N., Cavell, T. A., & Thompson, B. (1998). The role of relational aggression in identifying aggressive boys and girls. Journal of School Psychology, 36, 457-477.

27.

Kupersmidt, J. B., & Coie, J. D. (1990). Preadolescent peer status, aggression, and school adjustment as predictors of externalizing problems in adolescence. Child Development, 61, 1350-1362.

28.

LaFrontana, K. M., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2002). Children's perceptions of popular and unpopular peers: A multimethod assessment. Developmental Psychology, 38, 635-647.

29.

Lease, A. M., Kennedy, C. A., & Axelrod, J. I. (2002). Children's social constructions of popularity. Social Development, 11, 87-109.

30.

Loudin, J. L., Loukas, A., Robinson, S. (2003). Relational aggression in college students: Examining the roles of social anxiety and empathy. Aggressive Behavior, 29, 430-439.

31.

O'Connell, P. D., Pepler, D., & Kent, D. (1995). Gender and age differences in types of aggressive behavior. Poster presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Reserach in Child Development, Indianapolis, IN.

32.

Olweus, D. (1984). Aggressors and their victims: Bullying at school. In N. Frude & H. Gault (Eds.), Disruptive behavior in schools (pp. 57-76). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

33.

Parkhurst, J. T., & Hopmeyer, A. G. (1998). Sociometric popularity and perceived popularity: Two distinct dimensions of peer status. Journal of Early Adolescence, 18, 125-144.

34.

Peeters, M., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Scholte, R. H. J. (2010). Clueless or powerful? Identifying subtypes of bullies in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 1041-052.

35.

Pellegrini, A. D., & Bartini, M. (2000). A longitudinal study of bullying, victimization, and peer affiliation during the transition from primary school to middle school. American Educational Research Journal, 37, 699-725.

36.

Prinstein, M. J., Boergers, J., & Vernberg, E. M. (2001). Overt and relational aggression in adolescents: Social-psychological adjustment of aggressors and victims. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 479-491.

37.

Prinstein, M. J., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2003). Forms and functions of adolescent peer aggression associated with high levels of peer status. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 49, 310-342.

38.

Puckett, M. B., Aikins, J. W., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2008). Moderators of the association between relational aggression and perceived popularity. Aggressive Behavior, 34, 563-576.

39.

Pozzoli, T., & Gini, G. (2010). Active defending and passive bystanding behavior in bullying: The role of personal characteristics and perceived peer pressure. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38, 815-827.

40.

Rigby, K., & Johnson, B. (2006). Expressed readiness of Australian schoolchildren to act as bystanders in support of children who are being bullied. Educational Psychology, 26, 425-440.

41.

Rodkin, P. C., Farmer, T. W., Pearl, R., & Acker, R. V. (2000). Heterogeneity of popular boys: Antisocial and prosocial configuration. Developmental Psychology, 36, 14-24.

42.

Rose, A. J., & Swenson, L. P. (2009). Do perceived popular adolescents who aggress against others experience emotional adjustment problems themselves? Developmental Psychology, 45, 868-872.

43.

Rose, A. J., Swenson, L. P., & Waller, E. M. (2004). Overt and relational aggression and perceived popularity: Developmental differences in concurrent and prospective relations. Developmental Psychology, 40, 378-387.

44.

Salmivalli, C., & Voten, M. (2004). Connections between attitudes, group norms, and behavior in bullying situations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 246-258.

45.

Swearer, S. M., Espelage, D. L., & Napolitano, S. A. (2009). Bullying prevention and intervention: Realistic strategies for schools. New York: Guilford Press.

46.

Walcott, C. M., Upton, A., Bolen, L. M., & Brown, M. B. (2008). Association between peer-perceived status and aggression in young adolescents. Psychology in the Schools, 45, 550 -561.

47.

Young, E. L., Boye, A. E., & Nelson, D. A. (2006). Relational aggression: Understanding, identifying, and responding in schools. Psychology in the Schools, 43, 297-312.

Korean Journal of School Psychology